There are four annotated scripts associated with this study. Each script is associated with the analysis for each of the four respective aims of
the study.

‘Tag_behaviour_assays_analysis_DRYAD.r’
‘Tag_incubation_nestcam_analysis_DRYAD.r’
‘Tag_reproductive_outcomes_analysis_DRYAD.r’
‘Tag_resightings_analysis_DRYAD.r’

Data

There are seven raw data files associated with this study. Each data file is used in 1 or more of the analysis scripts, and each is detailed here. NAs (“NA” or “”) represent missing data that are not applicable or not available in the data.

Nest Camera Deployments

deployments <- readRDS(file = "nestcam_deployments_clean.rds")

head(deployments)

##   Start_date Start_time Waypoint           Timestamp
## 1 24/10/2023      07:09     M501 2023-10-24 07:09:00
## 2 22/09/2023      13:27    RP110 2023-09-22 13:27:00
## 3 19/10/2023      16:28    RP116 2023-10-19 16:28:00
## 4 18/09/2023      18:12     RP21 2023-09-18 18:12:00
## 5  4/10/2023      10:07     RP22 2023-10-04 10:07:00
## 6 22/09/2023      13:44     RP25 2023-09-22 13:44:00

[1] “Start_date”: Date of nest camera deployment
[2] “Start_time”: Date of nest camera deployment
[3] “Waypoint”: Nest ID where camera was deployed
[4] “Timestamp”: POSIXct format date-time at start of deployment

Nest Camera Video Annotation Data

data.states <- readRDS(file = "data.states.rds")

head(data.states)

##   Nest_ID  Sex Behaviour.Start Modifier Behaviour.Stop     Timestamp.Start
## 1    M501 <NA>      Unattended     <NA>     Unattended 2023-10-24 07:09:00
## 2    M501    F    F Attendance     None   F Attendance 2023-10-24 07:11:08
## 3    M501 <NA>      Unattended     <NA>     Unattended 2023-10-24 08:07:09
## 4    M501    F    F Attendance     None   F Attendance 2023-10-24 08:11:24
## 5    M501    F    F Attendance  Shading   F Attendance 2023-10-24 08:48:40
## 6    M501 <NA>      Unattended     <NA>     Unattended 2023-10-24 08:49:22
##        Timestamp.Stop Runtime.Start Runtime.Stop Preening BodyRuffle Duration
## 1 2023-10-24 07:11:08          0.00      128.150        0          0  128.150
## 2 2023-10-24 08:07:09        128.15     3489.050       13         16 3360.900
## 3 2023-10-24 08:11:24       3489.05     3744.700        0          0  255.650
## 4 2023-10-24 08:48:40       3744.70     5980.399        7          9 2235.699
## 5 2023-10-24 08:49:09       5980.40     6009.050        0          0   28.650
## 6 2023-10-24 08:49:55       6022.20     6055.300        0          0   33.100

[1] “Nest_ID”: Nest ID where camera was deployed
[2] “Sex”: Sex of the parent whose behaviour is recorded
[3] “Behaviour.Start”: Behavioural State starting at the current Timestamp.Start (i.e., Unattended, F Attendance, M Attendance, Not visible)
[4] “Modifier”: Thermoregulatory behaviour (not-used in this study)
[5] “Behaviour.Stop”: Behavioural State stopping at the current Timestamp.Start (i.e., Unattended, F Attendance, M Attendance, Not visible)
[6] “Timestamp.Start”: POSIXct format start time of the current behavioural state
[7] “Timestamp.Stop”: POSIXct format stop time of the current behavioural state
[8] “Runtime.Start”: Continuous number of seconds running time to the start of current behaviour state since 0 seconds at start of video
[9] “Runtime.Stop”: Continuous number of seconds running time to the end of current behaviour state since 0 seconds at start of video
[10] “Preening”: Number of preening point events recorded during the current behavioural state
[11] “BodyRuffle” Number of body ruffle point events recorded during the current behavioural state
[12] “Duration” Duration in seconds (s) of the current behavioural state

Individual Level Summary of Preening and Body Ruffling Data from Video Annotations

data.summary <- readRDS(file="data.summary.rds")

head(data.summary)

##       Total.Preening Total.BodyRuffle Total.Duration Sex Nest_ID
## F...1             75              138       73016.96   F   RP116
## M...2              8              132       87632.81   M   RP116
## F...3            324              615      114540.16   F    M501
## M...4            532              297       93212.20   M    M501
## F...5            106              256       73814.26   F    RP25
## M...6             44              108       73895.18   M    RP25

[1] “Total.Preening”: Total count of preening point events for this individual
[2] “Total.BodyRuffle”: Total count of body ruffle point events for this individual
[3] “Total.Duration”: Total duration in seconds (s) of all attendance state events for this individual
[4] “Sex”: Sex of the individual
[5] “Nest_ID”: Nest ID of the individual

Nest data for the 2023 Breeding Season

Nests <- read.csv(file ="Maio_KP_Nests_2023_clean.csv")

head(Nests)

##                   Species Location Year   Site Nest_ID Last_active_date
## 1 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina       1              920
## 2 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina     101              929
## 3 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina       2              919
## 4 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina       3              930
## 5 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina       4              921
## 6 Charadrius alexandrinus     Maio 2023 Salina       5               NA
##   First_inactive_date UTM_zone    UTM1   UTM2 Found_date Laydate_first
## 1                1002      27P 1675614 261311        904            NA
## 2                1002      27P 1675698 261298        904           904
## 3                 929      27P 1675719 261157        904            NA
## 4                  NA      27P 1678042 260176        904            NA
## 5                 929      27P 1677147 261018        905            NA
## 6                1003      27P 1676514 260498        905            NA
##   Laydate_last Laydate_estimated Hatchdate_first Hatchdate_last
## 1           NA               906              NA             NA
## 2           NA               910              NA             NA
## 3           NA               904              NA             NA
## 4          907               907             930             NA
## 5           NA               907              NA             NA
## 6           NA               831              NA             NA
##   Hatchdate_estimated End.date.estimated    Habitat Nest_fate Clutch_size
## 1                  NA                 NA  Grassland Abandoned           2
## 2                  NA                 NA  Grassland   Unknown           3
## 3                  NA                 NA  Grassland   Hatched           3
## 4                 930                 NA  Saltmarsh   Hatched           3
## 5                  NA                 NA Semidesert  Predated           2
## 6                  NA                 NA  Saltmarsh   Unknown           2
##   Observer
## 1       NE
## 2       ES
## 3       NE
## 4       NE
## 5       NE
## 6       NE

[1] “Species”: Study species (syn. Anarhynchus alexandrinus)
[2] “Location”: Study population
[3] “Year”: Year of study
[4] “Site”: Field location within Maio island where nest was found
[5] “Nest_ID”: Unique nest ID number
[6] “Last_active_date”: The latest date of a nest check where the nest was confirmed active and attended, format MDD
[7] “First_inactive_date”: The earliest date that a nest check confirmed the nest had concluded, format MDD
[8] “UTM_zone”: The UTM zone for co-ordinate reference system for Easting and Northing recorded for nest location
[9] “UTM1”: Northing
[10] “UTM2”: Easting
[11] “Found_date”: Date that the nest was found, format MDD
[12] “Laydate_first”: Laydate of the first egg of the clutch, if known to be different from ‘Laydate_estimated’, format MDD
[13] “Laydate_last”: Laydate of the last egg of the clutch, if known to be different from ‘Laydate_estimated’, format MDD
[14] “Laydate_estimated”: Estimated lay date based on flotation of all eggs in a completed clutch (Székely et al. 2008, unpublished),format MDD
[15] “Hatchdate_first”: Hatchdate of the first egg to hatch in the clutch, if known from nest checks, format MDD
[16] “Hatchdate_last”: Hatchdate of the last egg to hatch in the clutch, if known from nest checks, format MDD
[17] “Hatchdate_estimated”: Estimated hatchdate whole clutch, or last hatching egg, if known from nest checks, format MDD
[18] “End.date.estimated”: Last day that the nest was confirmed still active, if known from nest checks, format MDD
[19] “Habitat”: Which of four main habitat types within Salinas do Porto Inglês was the nest located in (i.e., Grassland, Semidesert, Salt-extraction, Saltmarsh). If at another site around Maio, site name is recorded (i.e., Morro, Calheta, Ponta Preta, Barreiro).
[20]
“Nest_fate”: Fate of the nest determined by nest checks, estimated nest age, and signs of predation, hatching or abandonment (i.e., Hatched, Abandoned, Predated, Unknown).
[21] “Clutch_size”: Number of eggs in nest at clutch completion
[22] “Observer”: Egg flotation for nest aging was conducted by this observer

General Behaviour Time-Budget Assay Data

assays.clean <- readRDS(file = "Tag_behaviour_assays_data_clean.rds")

head(assays.clean)

##         Date Time.Start Time.End Bird.Combo Tagged Tag_ID Sex Observer   Site
## 1 2023-11-01      17:19    17:49       WMBL      N   <NA>   M       MR Salina
## 2 2023-11-05      09:40    10:10       YGMG      Y   047B   F       MR Salina
## 3 2023-11-05      10:15    10:45       GRLM      Y   0486   M       MR Salina
## 4 2023-11-05      11:16    11:46       YBLM      N   <NA>   M       MR Salina
## 5 2023-11-05      12:07    12:37       OYMY      N   <NA>   F       MR Salina
## 6 2023-11-19      09:25    09:55       BYMW      Y   047F   F       MR Salina
##   Nest Chicks    T1    T2    T3    T4    T5 T6    T7    T8    T9   T10   T11
## 1  S63      0 STAND STAND    PE     W    PE PE    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE
## 2  S61      1 STAND STAND STAND    PE STAND PE     W     W     W STAND STAND
## 3  S61      1   FIC   FIC   FIC STAND   FIC  W   FIC STAND     W   FIC   FIC
## 4 RP38      2    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE  W    PE    PE   FIC STAND    PE
## 5 RP38      2    PE    PE    PE     W     C  C     C STAND STAND   EHU STAND
## 6 S303      0 STAND    PE    PE    PE    PE PE STAND    PE    PE    PE     W
##     T12   T13   T14   T15   T16 T17   T18   T19 T20   T21 T22   T23   T24   T25
## 1    PE    FL STAND STAND STAND   W    PE STAND  PE    PE  PE STAND    PE     W
## 2     W STAND STAND    FL     A   A     A     A   A     A   A     A     A STAND
## 3     W   FIC     W STAND     W FIC   FIC   FIC FIC   FIC FIC   FIC     W   FIC
## 4    PE    PE    PE STAND STAND  PE     A     A   A     A   A    PE STAND     A
## 5 STAND   EHU   EHU   EHU    PE  PE STAND    PE  PE   FIC   C     C     C     C
## 6    PE STAND    PE     W STAND  PE STAND    PE  PE STAND   W    PE    PE    PE
##     T26   T27   T28   T29   T30   T31   T32   T33   T34   T35   T36   T37   T38
## 1     W STAND     W    PE     W     W STAND STAND   EHU     W   EHU   EHU   EHU
## 2    PE STAND STAND STAND STAND STAND STAND   EHU     W STAND STAND    PE     W
## 3   FIC   FIC   FIC   FIC   FIC     W   FIC   FIC     W     W   FIC     W     W
## 4    FL    PE    PE    FL     A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A
## 5    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE     W STAND STAND    PE STAND STAND
## 6 STAND    PE STAND STAND STAND    PE STAND STAND    PE STAND     W    PE    PE
##     T39   T40 T41   T42 T43   T44   T45   T46   T47   T48   T49   T50   T51
## 1   EHU STAND EHU   EHU   C     W     W     W     W     W    HS STAND STAND
## 2    RU STAND EHU   EHU EHU     W     C STAND STAND     W STAND    PE    PE
## 3   FIC     W   W     W FIC   FIC STAND     W   FIC STAND   FIC    RU    RU
## 4     A    PE  PE    PE  PE    PE    PE     W     W    PE    PE     W   FIC
## 5 STAND STAND  FL STAND  PE    PE    PE STAND STAND STAND STAND    PE    PE
## 6 STAND     W  PE    PE   W STAND     W    PE STAND STAND    PE     W STAND
##     T52 T53   T54   T55 T56   T57   T58   T59   T60   T61   T62   T63   T64 T65
## 1 STAND   W     W STAND   A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A   A
## 2 STAND  PE STAND    PE   W    PE     W STAND STAND STAND STAND    RU    RU FIC
## 3   FIC FIC   FIC     W   W   FIC   EHU     W STAND    PE    PE    PE    PE  PE
## 4     W  PE    PE    PE  PE    PE     W    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE    PE  RU
## 5    PE  PE    PE    PE  PE STAND    PE STAND    PE    PE    PE    PE STAND   W
## 6    PE   W STAND STAND  PE STAND STAND    PE    PE    PE STAND STAND STAND  PE
##     T66   T67   T68 T69   T70   T71   T72   T73   T74   T75   T76   T77   T78
## 1     A     A     A   A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A     A
## 2   FIC    FL STAND  RU    PE STAND     W STAND    PE STAND STAND   EHU STAND
## 3 STAND    PE    PE  PE   FIC STAND STAND STAND STAND    RU   EHU STAND STAND
## 4    PE    PE     W   W     W    PE    FL    PE    PE    PE     W    PE    PE
## 5     W     W    PE  PE STAND    PE    PE    PE STAND     W    PE    PE    PE
## 6    PE STAND    PE  PE STAND     W STAND STAND     W    PE STAND STAND STAND
##     T79   T80   T81   T82 T83 T84   T85 T86   T87   T88   T89   T90       lon
## 1     A     A     A     A   A   A     A   A     A     A     A     A -23.22400
## 2     W STAND STAND STAND  RU FIC   FIC   W     W     W STAND   FIC -23.22685
## 3 STAND STAND    RU   FIC  RU FIC   FIC  RU   FIC STAND    PE    PE -23.22691
## 4     W    PE    PE STAND  PE  PE STAND  PE STAND   FIC    FL     A -23.22691
## 5    PE    PE    PE    PE  RU   W     W   W    PE STAND    PE    PE -23.22691
## 6    PE STAND    PE    PE  PE  RU    PE  PE     W    PE    PE STAND -23.22488
##        lat             sunrise     Date_Time.Start Mins_past_sunrise
## 1 15.14879 2023-11-01 06:30:00 2023-11-01 17:19:00               649
## 2 15.15097 2023-11-05 06:31:30 2023-11-05 09:40:00               188
## 3 15.15097 2023-11-05 06:31:30 2023-11-05 10:15:00               224
## 4 15.15097 2023-11-05 06:31:30 2023-11-05 11:16:00               284
## 5 15.15097 2023-11-05 06:31:30 2023-11-05 12:07:00               336
## 6 15.14936 2023-11-19 06:37:50 2023-11-19 09:25:00               167
##   Mins_past_sunrise.sq
## 1               421201
## 2                35344
## 3                50176
## 4                80656
## 5               112896
## 6                27889

[1] “Date”: Date of the time-budget assay
[2] “Time.Start”: Start time of the time-budget assay
[3] “Time.End”: End time of the time-budget assay
[4] “Bird.Combo”: Unique individual ID of the bird assayed
[5] “Tagged”: Was the bird wearing a GPS device and tagged? Y/N
[6] “Tag_ID”: Unique ID number of the tag deployed
[7] “Sex”: Sex of the bird
[8] “Observer”: Observer recording data during the time-budget analysis
[9] “Site”: Field site where the time-budget assay took place within Maio
[10]“Nest”: Unique nest ID on which the individual nested during the 2023 breeding season
[11] “Chicks”: Number of chicks present in the brood of the focal individual at the time of the time-budget assay
[12] “T1”: Instantaneous behaviour code recorded at time point 1 of the time-budget assay …

[101] “T90”: Instantaneous behaviour code recorded at time point 90 of the time-budget assay

Behaviour = Code = Comment. Walking = W = Walking individual, obviously slower movement than running. Running = RU = Running individual, clearly on foot in movement. Pecking/probing = PE = Pecking, typically, at a food item or probing (foraging technique typical for many sandpipers and allies). Flying = FL = Bird is flying without any display. Standing = STAND = Standing individual in relaxed position, often on one leg or with hidden head Looking above = LOOK = Looking by one eye above, often in relaxed position –scanning sky for potential danger. Standing head-up = HU = Alerted individual, often scanning the surrounding for potential danger. Standing extreme head-up = EHU = Alerted individual with stretched neck (vertically elongated), often scanning the surrounding for danger. Sitting = SIT = Sitting individual (sometimes with hidden head) on the ground, not nest. This is different from incubation. Preening = PR = Maintenance of feathers (often ruffled) by bill. Head scratching = HS = Head scratching by leg as a part of maintenance behaviour. Wing stretching = WS = Wing stretching as a part of maintenance behaviour. Leg stretching = LS = Leg stretching as a part of maintenance behaviour. Head flicking = HF = Head flicking to the side (over the shoulder). Drinking = DRINK = Often repeated dipping of the bill to the water, drinking. Bathing = BATH = Bathing in the shallow water with ruffled feathers, feathers soaking and often wings flapping. Body shaking = BS = A movement lasting a few seconds of body shaking withruffled feathers, often after bathing of stretching. Tail shaking = TS = Tail shaking, often after bathing and body shaking. Ring pecking = RP = Pecking aimed at the metal or colour rings, trying to remove them, often observed in freshly ringed individuals. Fighting conspecific (unknown sex) = FIC = Longer aggressive physical contact between two individuals. Note whether with a male or a female, AND with conspecific or other species. This behaviour is not apart of an attack during nest or brood defence (see later categories). Fighting conspecific male = FICM = Longer aggressive physical contact between two individuals. Note whether with a male or a female, AND with conspecific or other species. This behaviour is not apart of an attack during nest or brood defence (see later categories). Fighting conspecific female = FICF = Longer aggressive physical contact between two individuals. Note whether with a male or a female, AND with conspecific or other species. This behaviour is not apart of an attack during nest or brood defence (see later categories). Fighting heterospecific individual (note species and the sex if possible) = FIH = Longer aggressive physical contact between two individuals. Note whether with a male or a female, AND with conspecific or other species. This behaviour is not apart of an attack during nest or brood defence (see later categories). Chasing conspecific (unknown sex) = CHC = A quick aggressive behaviour against another animal,typically a waterbird species as well to chase it away from the feeding ground - not as a part of an attack during nest or brood defence. Despite the fight where two individuals fight against each other, here one individual is chasing the other which is trying to escape. Chasing conspecific male = CHCM = A quick aggressive behaviour against another animal,typically a waterbird species as well to chase it away from the feeding ground – not as a part of an attack during nest or brood defence. Despite the fight where two individuals fight against each other, here one individual is chasing the other which is trying to escape. Chasing conspecific female = CHCF = A quick aggressive behaviour against another animal,typically a waterbird species as well to chase it away from the feeding ground – not as a part of an attack during nest or brood defence. Despite the fight where two individuals fight against each other, here one individual is chasing the other which is trying to escape. Chasing heterospecific individual (note species and the sex if possible) = CHCH = A quick aggressive behaviour against another animal,typically a waterbird species as well to chase it away from the feeding ground – not as a part of an attack during nest or brood defence. Despite the fight where two individuals fight against each other, here one individual is chasing the other which is trying to escape . Aerial display = AER = Display in flight, typically by male. Often slow flight, wings fluttering, often accompanied with characteristic voice. Mainly plovers and sandpipers. Scraping = SCRAPE = Movement lasting several seconds, typically performed by male (but the female can also be involved), when an individual is making a scrape by pushing its breast to the ground and scraping its legs. Males are regularly preparing several scrapes in the territory in this way, predominantly when female is watching nearby. Hunched-back running = HRU = Running typically nearby possible mate in crouched position with hunched back. Hunched-back standing = HST = Standing in the same position as described above. Pecking nest material = PENE = Pecking nest material. Pre-copulation = P-COP = Male balances on female’s back prior copulation. Copulation = COP = Act of mating with cloacal contact of two adult individuals, when male is on female’s back, often accompanied with characteristic vocalization. Flat running = FRU = Running with the head and back at the same level, often feathers fluffed to the sides. Flat standing = FST = Standing with the head and back at the same level, often feathers fluffed to the sides. Throwing nest material to the nest - THNE - Picking up nest material and throwing it towards the nest scrape (typically backward over body) during the courtship or to the nest with clutch, often after incubation recess. Wing display = WIDI = Wing showing, tail showing to the potential mate on the ground, typical behaviour for several sandpiper species. Choking courtship = CHOK = Close intimate courtship of two individuals (current or possible future pair), often accompanied by typical vocalization (e.g.“choking”). Ground display = GRO = Displaying behaviour of the male at the ground or from suitable post in the breeding territory, often accompanied with characteristic vocalization. Also lekking display of Ruff or Great Snipe. Incubation = INC = Directly sitting on the nest to incubate eggs. Shading of eggs = SHADE = Standing above the nest, shading eggs, leaving wind cooling eggs down a little bit during hot part of the day. Eggs wetting = WET = Visitation of nearby water body, belly-soaking and eggs wetting to cool them down. Eggs covering = COV = Covering eggs with sand or vegetation pieces prior departure from the nest. Brooding the chick(s) = B = Chick(s) is/are at least partially hidden in adult’s breast feathers and under wings. Adult can stand or sit on the ground. Typically during cold or extremely hot environmental conditions. Shading the chick(s) = SH = Chick(s) is/are just sheltered (NOT brooded) by standing adult, typically with stretched wings (usually during hot environment conditions. Distant calling = DC = Calling/warning from distance, typically from the ground,giving potential predator away, but without closer approach to the predator. Injury feigning = IF = Adult is pretending to be injured, e.g. “broken wing display” “wing flapping”, resembling easy prey for potential predator, to allure potential predator away from real nest location. Also impeded flight or erratic fluttering belongs here. Rodent running = RRU = Rapid running in crouched position with the head tilted downwards, the body plumage fluffed, and the wings slightly extended and dropped, often accompanied by squeaking. Bird pretends to be a small rodent (a suitable prey) alluring potential predator away from real nest location. Regular behaviour of many Arctic sandpipers. False brooding = FB = Adult is pretending to sit on the nest at different location to allure potential predator away from real nest location. Other displacement activities = DIAC = False feeding, false swimming, pseudo-sleeping or false maintenance behaviour as a part of the distraction display to allure potential predator away from real nest location. Crouched running = CRU = Contrary to rodent run – silent run in crouched position rather reducing conspicuousness of bird departing from nest, behaviour typical for many plovers. Upright running = URU = Distractive running which does not involve crouched posture, typically with head-up. Ungulate display = UNG = To deter a big animal (often ungulate) from vicinity of nest or brood, adult shorebird faces the animal with fully raised wing(s) and loud calling. Aggressive circling and scolding = AC = Intense flight above or in close vicinity of approaching predator whilst emitting alarm calls (mobbing). Without physical contact. Attack = AT = Intense mobbing connected with physical contact with intruder/predator, often repeated and predominantly airstrikes complemented with loud vocalization. Also special “snake pecking” belongs here. Always note which predator is involved and whether other individuals from the surrounding helped the focal defender. Covered = C = Focal bird is covered from view, e.g. behind vegetation. Away = A = Focal bird is away, e.g. not around the brood

For all behavioural codes, see artice supplement, and refer to:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334098370_Protocol_for_collecting_behavioural_data_for_ELVONAL_shorebird_project

[102] “lon”: Longitude of focal individual at start of time-budget assay
[103] “lat”: Latitude of focal individual at start of time-budget assay
[104] “sunrise”: Local sunrise time at the latitude and longitude of the focal individual at the start of the assay
[105] “Date_Time.Start”: POSIXct format timestamp at the start of the time-budget assay
[106] “Mins_past_sunrise”: Minutes past sunrise at the start time of the time-budget assay
[107] “Mins_past_sunrise.sq”: Minutes past sunrise at the start time of the time-budget assay value squared

Resighting Data from 2023 Breeding and 2024 Non-Breeding Seasons

Resightings <- read.csv("Tag_resightings_data_Mar2024.csv", header = T)

head(Resightings)

##   All.untagged.combinations..sighted.in.2023
## 1                                       BBLM
## 2                                       BBMG
## 3                                       BBMO
## 4                                       BBMY
## 5                                       BGLM
## 6                                       BGMG
##   Untagged..combinations..resighted.2024
## 1                                   BBLM
## 2                                   BBMB
## 3                                   BBMG
## 4                                   BBMO
## 5                                   BGLM
## 6                                   BGMB
##   Untagged..combinations..resighted.2024.that.were.seen.in.2023.
## 1                                                           BBLM
## 2                                                           BBMG
## 3                                                           BBMO
## 4                                                           BGLM
## 5                                                           BGMG
## 6                                                           BLMG
##   Tagged..combinations..in.2023 Tagged..combinations..resighted.2024
## 1                          LLMG                                 GGMG
## 2                          GLWM                                 GRLM
## 3                          YLMY                                 GYMY
## 4                          BYMW                                 LBRM
## 5                          YGMG                                 MBRL
## 6                          WYRM                                 MGGB
##   Tagged..combinations..resighted.or..hub.detected.2024
## 1                                                  GGMG
## 2                                                  GRLM
## 3                                                  GYMY
## 4                                                  LBRM
## 5                                                  LWMY
## 6                                                  MBRL

[1] “All.untagged.combinations..sighted.in.2023”: List of all unique bird ID codes from untagged birds that were observed during the 2023 breeding season.
[2] “Untagged..combinations..resighted.2024”: List of all unique bird ID codes from untagged birds that were observed during the 2024 non-breeding season.
[3] “Untagged..combinations..resighted.2024.that.were.seen.in.2023.”: List of all unique bird ID codes from untagged birds that were observed during the 2024 non-breeding season, that were also sighted in the 2023 breeding season.
[4] “Tagged..combinations..in.2023”: List of all unique bird ID codes from birds that were tagged during the 2023 breeding season.
[5] “Tagged..combinations..resighted.2024”: List of all unique bird ID codes from tagged birds that were observed during the 2024 non-breeding season by visual surveys only.
[6] “Tagged..combinations..resighted.or..hub.detected.2024”: List of all unique bird ID codes from tagged birds that were observed during the 2024 non-breeding season by visual surveys and deduced to be present by remote download of movement data from the hub device.

Tag Deployment Data

deployments <-
  read.csv("Tag_deployment_data_2023_clean.csv", header = T)

head(deployments)

##   Deployment Device_ID Company Device_Mass Harness.loop.length Dev_Har_Mass
## 1          1       484   Druid        1.72                 2.1         1.81
## 2          2       488   Druid        1.89                 2.0         1.99
## 3          3      048A   Druid        1.74                 2.0         1.80
## 4          4      047F   Druid        1.74                 2.0         1.80
## 5          5      047B   Druid        1.77                 2.1         1.84
## 6          6      043A   Druid        1.71                 2.1         1.80
##   Bird_Mass Proportion_BodyMass   Dep_Date Capture_Time Bird_Metal Sex Nest_ID
## 1     42.50               4.259 14/10/2023        16:28     CB0784   F   RP116
## 2     38.53               5.165 15/10/2023        11:38     CB1507   F   RP115
## 3     37.80               4.762 16/10/2023        05:46     CB1011   M   RP116
## 4     39.14               4.599 16/10/2023        16:56     CA3411   F    S303
## 5     41.43               4.441 16/10/2023        18:12     CB0782   F     S61
## 6     42.36               4.249 16/10/2023        19:40     CB1696   M   RP115
##   Bird_Combo
## 1       LLMG
## 2       GLWM
## 3       YLMY
## 4       BYMW
## 5       YGMG
## 6       WYRM

[1] “Deployment”: Unique sequential deployment number
[2] “Device_ID”: Unique device ID number of the deployed GPS
[3] “Company”: Manufacturing company of the device
[4] “Device_Mass”: Mass (g) of the device before harness was fitted, as received from manufacturer
[5] “Harness.loop.length”: Length of the leg loop (cm, one-side only). Measured by placing the side edge of GPS at origin of ruler, and pulling leg loop on one-side with a pin until leg-loop elastic was taught (but not stretched).
[6] “Dev_Har_Mass”: Final combined mass (g) of harness and device that was deployed onto the bird
[7] “Bird_Mass”: Mass of the bird (g) onto which the device was deployed.
[8] “Proportion_BodyMass”: Dev_Har_Mass / Bird_Mass * 100 (%)
[9] “Dep_Date”: Date of deployment of GPS device
[10] “Capture_Time” Time of capture for deployment
[11] “Bird_Metal”: Unique metal ring ID number of bird
[12] “Sex”: Sex of bird
[13] “Nest_ID”: Unique nest ID number of tagged bird during the 2023 breeding season
[14] “Bird_Combo”: Unique colour ring combination of tagged bird