The codes are written in a standard ANSI C language and can be compiled with all standard compilers, linking them with the standard math library.

A typical way to compile them could be:

cc main_simulation.c -lm -o main_simulation

Launching these codes with the "-h" argument provides the following help lines:

usage: ./main_simulation value1 value2 value3 value4 value5 value6 value7 where value1, value2, value3, value4, value5 value6 and value7 are:
For value1: Average longevity of the females.
For value2: Average fecundity of the females.
For value3: Cost of infection by a symbiont.
For value4: Level of horizontal transmission.
For value5: Aggregation level of infected aphids.
For value6: Level of protection conferred by the symbionts.
For value7: File name to store results.

usage:./main_simulation -h gives this help

This should be self-understandable. For example, if there is the need to launch a code with:

1. Average longevity of the females = 100.
2. Average fecundity of the females = 150.
3. Cost of infection by a symbiont = 0.3.
4. Level of horizontal transmission = 0.8.
5. Aggregation level of infected aphids = 0.04.
6. Level of protection conferred by the symbionts = 1.0.

Then a corresponding instruction can be:

./main_simulation 100 150 0.3 0.8 0.04 1 output_file

In which "output_file" (the last argument) is the name of the file in which the results will be stored.

Two different codes are provided here. The first one is called "main_simulation" and runs the standard simulation described in the MS. The second one is called "simulation_biological_control" and treats the special case computing the efficacy of biological control.

Running the first code returns results in the form of a table with 100 lines corresponding to 100 independent replicates, and seven columns. The first six columns give the values of the six parameters used in the model, in the same order as they are indicated in the command line to launch the simulations. The last column gives the proportion of hosts infected at the end of each simulation.

The second code requests an additional parameter entered at the first position, which corresponds to the proportion of hosts infected in the population. Running this second code returns the results in exactly the same form, with the additional parameter mentioned in the output and with the last column giving the estimated efficacy of biological instead (see the paper entitled "Dynamics of insects and their facultative defensive endosymbiotic bacteria: A simulation model" (Wajnberg & Cônsoli, 2024) Ecology and Evolution, 14, e70676, for additional explanations).