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Effects of complex soundscapes on the occurrence of Anaxipha pallidula in isolated green spaces in Tokyo

Osawa, Takeshi1; Mori, Hiroki1

Published Oct 16, 2025 on Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.44j0zpctp

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Abstract

Urban green spaces experience a mix of natural and anthropogenic noises, which could disrupt the vocal communication of several species. This study investigated how such complex soundscapes affect the occurrence of Anaxipha pallidula, which communicates through calls, focusing on both sound level and quality. A line census was conducted to survey the occurrence of A. pallidula and both acoustic and physical environmental factors in green spaces in the western region of Tokyo, Japan, which is surrounded by urbanized areas. These relationships were analyzed using generalized linear models and model selection based on the Akaike information criterion. Results revealed that sound level (dB) and road traffic noise negatively correlated with the occurrence of A. pallidula, suggesting that the noise caused by urbanization directly and negatively affects the species that communicate through their vocals. The occurrence of the vocal fold of Platypleura kaempferi, which is the native cicada, also negatively correlated with the occurrence of A. pallidula. P. kaempferi is inherently diurnal; however, its calls were heard in the study area at night, thus suggesting that urbanization alters the active time of P. kaempferi and influences the activity of A. pallidula. Although anthropogenic noise represents a direct urbanization effect, the impact of P. kaempferi may also indirectly result from urban influences. Urbanization can reshape species distributions and behaviors, affecting interspecies interactions mediated by changing soundscapes.