Data from: Herbicidal interference: Glyphosate drives both the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions
Data files
Nov 11, 2024 version files 330.47 KB
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fieldwork_data.csv
119.46 KB
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herbivory_leaf_data.csv
207.62 KB
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README.md
3.39 KB
Abstract
The coevolution of plants and their insect herbivores reflects eco-evolutionary dynamics at work—ecological interactions influence adaptive traits, which feed back to shape the broader ecological community. However, novel anthropogenic stressors like herbicide, which are strong selective agents, can disrupt these dynamics. Little is known about how the evolution of herbicide resistance may impact plant-herbivore interactions.
We performed a common garden field experiment using Ipomoea purpurea (common morning glory) and the herbicide glyphosate (Roundup) to investigate the ecological effects of herbicide exposure on insect herbivory patterns and assess the potential evolutionary consequences.
We find that plants treated with glyphosate experienced higher levels of herbivory and altered chewing herbivory damage patterns. Additionally, we found that glyphosate resistance is positively associated with herbivory resistance, and uncovered positive selection for increased glyphosate resistance, suggesting that selection for increased glyphosate resistance has the potential to lead to increased herbivory resistance.
Positive selection for glyphosate resistance, coupled with the detection of genetic variation for this trait, suggests there is potential for glyphosate resistance—and herbivory resistance via hitchhiking—to further evolve. Our results show that herbicides can not just influence, but potentially drive the eco-evolutionary dynamics of plant-herbivore interactions.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5x69p8ddt
Description of the data and file structure
Key for headers in "fieldwork_data.csv" and "herbivory_leaf_data.csv"
Data collected from a common garden field experiment conducted with* Ipomoea purpurea* and the herbicide glyphosate.
Files and variables
File: fieldwork_data.csv
Description: Plant growth and resistance data
Variables
- random: ID number of each plant
- labelID: unique ID (population.maternalline.treatment&block.replicate)
- pop: population
- matid: maternal line number
- pop_mat: unique maternal line identifier (population_maternal line)
- treatment: glyphosate treatment group (ctrl: control group, trtmt: treatment group)
- block: experimental block (1 or 2)
- germDate: germination date (YYYYMMDD; NA - plant did not germinate)
- leafct2: number of leaves on date of second leaf count (NA - no plant)
- herbiv_0719: presence (1) or absence (0) of foliar herbivory on 7/19/2021 (NA - no plant)
- wk2_pct: proportion of leaves showing glyphosate damage 2 weeks post-spray (NA - control group plant; if in treatment group, no plant)
- trtmtdeath: binomial status of treated plants (0 - alive, 1 - dead; NA - control group plant, if in treatment group, no plant)
- pct_herbiv: percentage of leaf tissue missing as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant)
- hole: proportion of leaves with hole damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant)
- margin: proportion of leaves with margin damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant)
- surface: proportion of leaves with sueface damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant)
- seedct: final seed count done in two complete rounds of collection (NA - no plant)
File: herbivory_leaf_data.csv
Description: herbivory data breakdown by individual leaf
Variables
- date: date photo was taken
- num: plant ID number
- treatment: control vs. treatment group
- area_cm2: area of entire leaf in cm^2 as measured by LeafByte
- missing_cm2: missing area of leaf in cm^2 as measured by LeafByte
- pct_herbiv: percentage of leaf tissue missing as measured by LeafByte
- herbic_dmg: presence (1) or absence (0) of herbicide damage
- browned: presence (1) or absence (0) of browning of leaf tissue
- yellowed: presence (1) or absence (0) of yellowing leaf tissue
- unknown_missing: an unknown area of the leaf has been consumed and is not captured in LeafByte measurements (1) or the leaf was measured normally (0)
- outofbounds: the leaf was outside the boundaries of the scale dots so LeafByte is under-measuring the area (1) or the leaf was measured normally (0)
- DT01-DT143: presence (1) or absence (0) of feeding damage types as defined by Labadiera et al., 2007 (Labandeira CC, Wilf P, Johnson KR, Marsh F. 2007. Guide to Insect (and Other) Damage Types on Compressed Plant Fossils. Version 3.0. Smithsonian Institution.)
- Hole-feeding DTs: 01-07, 10, 57, 63-64, 78, 126
- Margin-feeding DTs: 12-15, 26, 143
- Surface-feeding DTs: 29-30
Code/software
We used the program R (version 4.2.1) to conduct all statistical analyses. Script is included with data.
Plant growth, resistance level to glyphosate and herbivory, and seed number produced were measured from Ipomoea purpurea during a common garden field experiment. Data has been processed and cleaned to reflect the contents of this study. Scripts for the analyses in this study are also included.
