Data from: Orientational order in confined systems of self-driven spinners
Data files
Nov 17, 2025 version files 38.97 GB
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README.md
6.36 KB
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spinners_pingali_luijten_dataset.tar.gz
38.97 GB
Abstract
We investigated large systems of self-driven spinners confined over a substrate through direct numerical simulation of 3D hydrodynamics. Our results demonstrated that these systems generate unique flows from which spatial and orientational order emerges. We showed that a transition in particle orientation accompanies the appearance of crystallinity as the packing fraction is increased. Further exploration revealed a rich, tunable state space, offering insights into the biophysics of natural microswimmers with rotational motion as well as into the design of synthetic spinner systems. This is a dataset of the simulations performed to generate the figures in the corresponding paper. The directories are organized by figure and subfigure. Raw simulation data are in the KAPSEL UDF format; please refer to the KAPSEL-DNS website and user manual for further details on this format. In addition, postprocessing and analysis scripts to read raw data, perform postprocessing calculations, and generate figures are supplied.
Directory Structure
spinners_pingali_luijten_dataset.tar.gz is the compressed directory. Upon extraction, nested directories for the data corresponding to each figure and subfigure are available:
├── Fig1
│ ├── Fig1a
│ ├── Fig1b
│ └── Fig1c
├── Fig2
│ ├── Fig2a
│ │ ├── crs_preprocessor
│ │ ├── set_1
│ │ ├── set_2
│ │ ├── set_3
│ │ ├── set_4
│ │ └── set_5
│ ├── Fig2b
│ └── Fig2c
├── Fig3
├── Fig4
│ ├── Fig4a
│ │ ├── crs_preprocessor
│ │ ├── set_1
│ │ ├── set_2
│ │ ├── set_3
│ │ ├── set_4
│ │ └── set_5
│ ├── Fig4b
│ ├── Fig4c
│ ├── Fig4d
│ ├── Fig4e
│ ├── Fig4f
├── FigS1
└── Re_0_calc
Overview of Repository Contents
Figure 1
Fluid streamlines showing flow generated by spinning particles driven by intrinsic torque.
Directories contain input, trajectory output, and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format, and fluid velocity fields in the HDF5 format (in subdirectory output):
- Fig1a: Single spinner
- Fig1b: Two spinners with parallel axes of rotation
- Fig1c: Two spinners with antiparallel axes of rotation
Figure 2
Transition in spinner orientations.
Directories contain input and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
Fig2a
Overall packing fraction φ vs nematic order parameter S2.
crs_preprocessor: contains python script and associated template to generate simulation input filesset_1-set_5: replicate datasets for the various parameter combinations specified ininput.udfwithin each subdirectoryCRS_3_7_postprocessing.m: MATLAB script to parse UDF output filesCRS_3_7_nematic_analysis.m: MATLAB script to perform analysis and generate plot for figureCRS_3_7_sm_video_2.m: MATLAB script to produce supplemental video 2CRS_3_7_sm_video_3.m:MATLAB script to produce supplemental video 3
Fig2b
Example system at low φ = 0.29 and Re0 = 34.8 and associated g(r).
Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system, including input, trajectory output, and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
Fig2c
Example system at high φ = 0.81 and Re0 = 13.3. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system, including input, trajectory output, and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
Figure 3
Dynamics of polycrystalline grain growth. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system, including input, trajectory output, and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
CRS_3_7_dynamic_analysis.m: MATLAB script to parse UDF output files, generate simulation snapshots, and plot kinetic energies
Figure 4
State diagrams of spinner structures.
Directories contain input and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
Fig4a
crs_preprocessor: contains python script and associated template to generate simulation input filesset_1-set_5: replicate datasets for the various parameter combinations specified ininput.udfwithin each subdirectoryCRS_3_9_postprocessing.m: MATLAB script to parse UDF output filesCRS_3_9_nematic_analysis.m: MATLAB script to calculate nematic order parameter dataCRS_3_9_nematic_diagrams.m: MATLAB script to generate state diagram plot
Fig4b
Example system displaying disordered structure with rotation axes aligned with the z axis. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system.
Fig4c
Example system displaying frustrated hexatic structure with axes aligned with the z axis. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system.
Fig4d
Example system displaying hexagonal polycrystalline structure with axes in the x–y plane. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system.
Fig4e
Example system displaying islands of hexagonal crystals. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system.
Fig4f
Example system displaying spatially and orientationally disordered structure. Specific UDF directory corresponding to this system.
Figure S1
Large domain simulation. Directories contain input and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
Re_0_calc
Simulations run for calculating Reynolds number of isolated particle in fluids of different viscosities. Directories contain input and restart files in the KAPSEL UDF format.
UDF Format and Variables
The KAPSEL simulation code uses the UDF format for input and output data. Please refer to the KAPSEL-DNS website and user manual for further details on the structure of a UDF file as well as an extensive description of various input/output variables and their units.
Codes and Analysis
HDF5 files were parsed using ParaView. output.udf ASCII trajectory files were parsed using MATLAB.
However, due to storage constraints, trajectory files cannot be provided for every simulation. Trajectory files can be regenerated by rerunning the simulations. Initial configurations are provided in input.udf. Alternatively, final frames can be extracted from restart.udf. In this case, postprocessing scripts will need to be adapted to read from restart.udf instead of output.udf.
If MATLAB is not available, .m files can be read with an ASCII text editor and .mat files can be read with h5py/GNU Octave/R.matlab to replicate the script logic in an open-source environment.
Python Scripts
Certain python scripts are included to assist with setup and analysis:
crs_preprocessor.py: Generates replicate sets of initial random configurations and simulation parameters, formatted as aninput.udf. Requires LAMMPS MD software to be installed (freely available at lammps.org). Requires numpy.rdf_analysis.ipynb: Calculates and plots radial distribution function. Requires numpy, matplotlib, and scipy.UDFManager.py,UDFWrapper.py,particleshow.py,plot.py,udf2xyz.py: the KAPSEL package supplies the UDFManager python module and some associated post-processing codes. These were not used for analysis of the dataset (which was largely performed in MATLAB) but are included for completeness.
