Data from: Not in the countryside please! Investigating UK residents' perceptions of an introduced species, the ring-necked parakeet
Data files
Jun 10, 2025 version files 7.06 GB
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110122_1C-1-A_Supplementary_Materials_Section_S8.xlsx
217.11 KB
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FINAL_250523_Data.xlsx
1.85 MB
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Final_Universal_Script_6th_May_2024.R
56.80 KB
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README.md
35.67 KB
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Survey1_(NVivo_R1).nvpx
7.05 GB
Abstract
This submission contains several datasets relating to a study that investigated people's perceptions of the Ring Necked Parakeet (RNP) in the UK . The submission is underpinned by the Master Dataset, which contains 93 columns of data including survey metadata (e.g. response timestamps), respondent information (e.g. age categories, postcode prefixes), perceptions towards the RNP along the lines of awarness of, knowledge of and attitudes towards the bird and ecological data of the RNP which was drawn from British Trust of Ornithology data (e.g. presence of the RNP in respondents local area). The data structure supports analyses of human-nature interactions and species perceptions study, offering potential for longitudinal studies in attitude, awareness and knowledge changes towards this bird. Reuse potential is high, with applications in invasive species perception modeling and public science initiatives. Ethical considerations involve anonymized participant data, ensuring compliance with data privacy standards.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rn8pk0phs
Description of the data and file structure
The master dataset was first created by exporting the results of the entire online survey from Qualtrics. Only completed responses were exported from Qualtrics. Subsequent to a data-cleaning round that also focussed on confirming that all respondents were located in the UK by analysing their provided postcode prefixes, the data was then geo-coded using the Post-Code prefixes and coordinate data was furnished using a Google API. The next step involved adding British Trust of Ornithology 2007-2011 Atlas Data that included species count data for the Ring Necked Parakeet, and this was combined to the master dataset. However, due to the BTO's data-sharing arrangements, they have kindly requested we only include the data we utilised in the analyses in the master dataset, which would be the "maxcountall" column and any variables derived from therein. The text answers in the "Text.Att" column were then exported and analysed manually for sentiment in NVivo (see NVivo file in this submission), and the opinions that were mined were then subsequently brought back and combined to the master dataset.
Files and variables
File: Final_Universal_Script_6th_May_2024.R
Description: The R Code for conducting the analyses in the published article. This used the final Master Dataset, which here we have named "FINAL 250523 Data.xlsx."
File: Survey1_(NVivo_R1).nvpx
Description: This is the NVivo file that contains the sentiment analysis and topic mining that was conducted on the "Text.Att" column in the master dataset (i.e. the FINAL 250523 Data.xlsx file). It is quite large and will require NVivo to open it.
File: 110122_1C-1-A_Supplementary_Materials_Section_S8.xlsx
Description: Since NVivo software requires a licence, we also include Supplementary Materials Section S8 from the paper, which is a more accessible MS Excel file containing summary data and example quotes for the sentiments and topics analysed in the NVivo file. The sheet of interest is the "SM Section S8" Sheet, which contains a table of the topics coded for each sentiment in the text data that was collected, summarised in terms of quantities and also example quotes for each cell in the "matrix" (topic vs. sentiment) have been provided.
File: FINAL_250523_Data.xlsx
Description: This is the master dataset that was used to conduct all the analyses in R file and the resulting article.
Variables
| Column Name | Description |
|---|---|
| StartDate | Date and time on which respondent clicked and started survey |
| EndDate | Date and time on which respondent ended survey |
| Duration..in.seconds. | How long it took the respondent to finish the survey |
| Finished | Whether the respondent finished the survey or not |
| RecordedDate | Recorded date and time on which respondent finished the survey |
| Gender | Gender selected by respondent |
| Gender_4_TEXT | Information on gender selected by respondent if choosing “Other, please specify” |
| Age | Age of respondent |
| Postcode | Postcode Prefix of respondent |
| Living | Whether the respondent was living in same area aged 16 or not |
| Region | If not to “Living”, what region they grew up in |
| Schooling | Highest level of education respondent had received |
| Member | Whether respondent was a member of a wildlife group or not |
| Expertise | Self-assessed bird expertise of respondent |
| NR61 | Answer to first statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| NR62 | Answer to 2nd statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| NR63 | Answer to 3rd statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| NR64 | Answer to 4th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| NR65 | Answer to 5th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| NR66 | Answer to 6th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable |
| Pref | Preference for RNP in local neighbourhood (i.e. if it was selected in palette of 10 birds) |
| Know.Name | Whether respondent knew the RNP’s name |
| Text.Name | The name of the RNP according to the respondent |
| Name.Cat | A category denoting what level the respondent was able to name the RNP to (0 = wrong, 1 = to family level, 2 = to species level) |
| Encounter | Whether the respondent had encountered the RNP before |
| Law.1 | Whether the respondent agreed that the RNP should be protected by law |
| Urban.1 | Whether the respondent wanted the RNP in urban areas |
| Rural.1 | Whether the respondent wanted the RNP in rural areas |
| Text.Att | The respondent’s text answer (blank if not complete or not able to have this option) |
| Text.Att.Spaces | Respondent’s text answer cleaned for spaces |
| Text.Att.Line | Respondent’s text answer cleaned for spaces and line breaks |
| Text.Att.Clean.Symbols | Respondent’s text answer cleaned for spaces, line breaks and symbols |
| Opinion | Opinion of respondent’s text answer that was analysed for sentiment (see NVivo analysis) |
| Stat1 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 1 |
| Stat2 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 2 |
| Stat3 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 3 |
| Stat4 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 4 |
| Stat5 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 5 |
| Stat6 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 6 |
| K1 | Respondents answer on Knowledge Question 1: population of RNP |
| K2 | Respondents answer on Knowledge Question 2: origins of RNP |
| K3 | Respondents answer on Knowledge Question 3: removed in analysis |
| K4 | Respondents answer on Knowledge Question 4: removed in analysis |
| K5 | Respondents answer on Knowledge Question 5: removed in analysis |
| Change | Whether the respondent opted to change their answers after being shown latest information on RNP |
| ChangeLaw | Respondents changed answer on the law question |
| ChangeUrb | Respondents changed answer on the urban question |
| ChangeRur | Respondents changed answer on the rural question |
| Text.Change | Respondents additional text info after they changed answer |
| Knowledge | Summarised Knowledge variable (numeric) |
| RNP | Whether respondent selected RNP (numeric) |
| FP | Whether respondent selected Feral Pigeon (numeric) |
| LawN | Whether the respondent agreed that the RNP should be protected by law (numeric) |
| UrbanN | Whether the respondent wanted the RNP in urban areas (numeric) |
| RuralN | Whether the respondent wanted the RNP in rural areas (numeric) |
| NStat1 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 1 (numeric) |
| NStat2 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 2 (numeric) |
| NStat3 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 3 (numeric) |
| NStat4 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 4 (numeric) |
| NStat5 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 5 (numeric) |
| NStat6 | Respondents’ answer on belaire statement 6 (numeric) |
| NR6N1 | Answer to first statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| NR6N2 | Answer to 2nd statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| NR6N3 | Answer to 3rd statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| NR6N4 | Answer to 4th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| NR6N5 | Answer to 5th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| NR6N6 | Answer to 6th statement on NR-6 Nature-Relatedness variable (numeric) |
| UrbanN2 | Respondents changed answer on the law question (numeric) |
| RuralN2 | Respondents changed answer on the urban question (numeric) |
| LawN2 | Respondents changed answer on the rural question (numeric) |
| RU | Rural/urban category for respondent |
| RUN | Detailed Rural/urban category for respondent (numeric) |
| RUM | Detailed Rural/urban category for respondent (sumamarised to Urban/rural) |
| coord.lon | respondent’s longitude based on postcode prefix |
| coord.lat | respondent’s latitude based on postcode prefix |
| coord.lat2 | respondent’s latitude based on postcode prefix |
| Enc | Whether the respondent had encountered the RNP before (numeric) |
| Know.NameN | Whether the respondent knew the RNP’s name (numeric) |
| Awareness | Summarised Awareness of rnp variable |
| RUC | Respondent’s RUC category (complete, use this one) |
| AgeNew | Recategorised age variable |
| NR6Mean | Respondent’s NR6 mean |
| maxcountall | This is the only column that was retained from the merge with the BTO RNP Atlas dataset. It describes the maximum count of RNPs from any field method for the respondent’s local area (i.e. the Postcode Prefix). As this is based on all data sources, the duration of recording effort is variable. |
Empty cells
There are some empty cells in the columns of our data. We have not infilled these empty cells lest they interfere with the script provided. Users of the data are welcome to infill the empty cells themselves.
The following columns contain empty cells and we explain below what an empty cell for each column means:
- Gender_4_TEXT - an empty cell here means the respondent hasn't provided a text input to their own gender (this option for text input was only available if the respondent selected "Other" for Gender)
- Region - in this question, respondents were asked to give the region they grew up in up to aged 16,* if* they had previously indicated that they had grown up in somewhere else to where they lived currently. Therefore an empty cell is an NA - i.e. the respondent did currently live in the same region as the one they had grown up with.
- Text.Name - in this question, respondents were asked to name the bird in the nameless image of the RNP. Blank responses indicated that the respondent didn't know the name or had no name, i.e. it should be treated as a blank answer and not an NA. The responses to this question were recategorised in the Name.Cat column, which was subsequently used for analysis.
- Text.Att - in this question, respondents were asked to provide text input on what they thought about the RNP. This question was not mandatory, and it was only available to respondents who had said they had previously encountered the RNP (i.e. those who did not respond to the Encounter question with "No, never seen"). Therefore:
- If the value in the "Encounter" column is "No, never seen", then you must assume that the blank in Text.Att is a NA.
- If the value in the "Encounter" column is** not** "No, never seen", then you must assume that the blank in Text.Att is a blank i.e. the respondent had the chance to respond but did not fill the question.
- Text.Att.Spaces - the same as above except the text answer has been cleaned for spaces.
- Text.Att.Line - the same as above except the text answer has been cleaned for spaces and line breaks.
- Text.Att.Clean.Symbols - the same as above except the text answer has been cleaned for spaces, line breaks and symbols.
- Opinion - this column describes the sentiment that was manually discerned for responses provided in "Text.Att". Therefore an empty cell here is an NA.
- Stat1 - this column is the response to the 1st attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- Stat2 - this column is the response to the 2nd attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- Stat3 - this column is the response to the 3rd attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- Stat4 - this column is the response to the 4th attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- Stat5 - this column is the response to the 5th attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- Stat6 - this column is the response to the 6th attitudinal or Belaire question. The Belaire questions were only available to respondents who had never seen the RNP before i.e. where the value in the "Encounter" column is not "No, never seen". Therefore a blank cell here is a NA.
- ChangeUrb - a blank cell here is a NA
- ChangeLaw - a blank cell here is a NA
- ChangeRur - a blank cell here is a NA
- Text.Change - in this question, respondents were asked to provide text input on what they thought about the RNP if they had selected that their opinions about the RNP had changed in a previous question and wanted to provide new / different inputs to the ones they had provided previously. This question (to provide a "changed" text input) was not mandatory, and it was only available to respondents who had said they wanted to change their answers for the Law/Urban/Rural/Text.Att questions (i.e. Column "Change" = Yes) Therefore:
- If the value in the "Change" column is "No,", then you must assume that the blank in Text.Change is a NA.
- If the value in the "Change" column is not "No", then you must assume that the blank in Text.Change is a blank i.e. the respondent had the chance to respond but did not fill the question.
Code/software
R, and the R packages specified in the uploaded R file, are required to run the analyses on the data, and NVivo to access the sentiment file.
Access information
Other publicly accessible locations of the data:
- na
Data was derived from the following sources:
- na
The master dataset was collected using a Qualtrics survey. Coordinates for each respondent were collated a google API on their postcode prefix. This geolocated master dataset was then combined with BTO atlas data to provide ecological information about the RNP, specifically if the RNP was present in respondents' local area and what the count of the RNP if so. The final addition to the master dataset was the appending of the opinion of each text answer provided by each respondent, the latter of which had been taken from the master dataset, analysed manually for sentiment using NVivo, and the resulting analysed opinions were appended to the master dataset. The NVivo sentiment file is also uploaded and attached to this submission. Since NVivo software requires a licence, we also include Supplementary Materials Section S8, which is a more accessible MS Excel file containing summary data and example quotes for the sentiments and topics analysed in the NVivo file. In line with arrangements made with the BTO and their data-sharing agreements, the BTO atlas was entirely removed from the master dataset in this Dryad submission apart from two columns that denotes what the density of the RNP is in the respondent's local area (if present).
- Pirzio-Biroli, Alessandro; Crowley, Sarah L.; Siriwardena, Gavin M. et al. (2024). Not in the countryside please! Investigating UK residents’ perceptions of an introduced species, the ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri). NeoBiota. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.93.110122
- Pirzio Biroli, Alessandro; Crowley, Sarah L.; Siriwardena, Gavin M. et al. (2023). Not in the countryside please! Investigating UK residents’ perceptions of an introduced species, the ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri) [Preprint]. Pensoft Publishers. https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e110141