Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxdmr

Description of the data and file structure

This dataset comprises the raw experimental data supporting the findings of the study "Effect of Diapause Duration on Thermal Tolerance in the Cabbage Beetle Colaphellus bowringi Baly." The data were collected to investigate how different diapause durations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 years) affect heat tolerance in both parental adults and their offspring across multiple life stages. The experimental efforts included:

/1. Parental Adult Survival Assays: Post-diapause adults from four diapause duration groups were exposed to acute heat stress at temperatures of 30°C, 33°C, 36°C, and 39°C for durations of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Survival rates were recorded immediately after each exposure period.

/2. Offspring Thermal Tolerance Assessments: F1 generation individuals (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults) derived from parents of all four diapause durations were subjected to heat stress:

Eggs: 20°C, 27°C, 30°C, 33°C, and 36°C for 24 hours

Larvae, Pupae, and Adults: 20°C, 36°C, 39°C, 42°C, and 45°C for 24 hours

Survival metrics included hatching rates (eggs), survival rates (larvae/adults), and emergence rates (pupae)

/3. Respiratory Metabolism Measurements: F1 generation 7-day-old larvae from all parental diapause groups were exposed to 20°C, 36°C, 39°C, 42°C, and 45°C for 6 hours. Individual larval CO₂ emission rates were measured using a multi-channel insect respiratory measurement system, with respiration rates calculated accounting for chamber volume, temperature, and body weight.

Files and variables

File: Raw_Data_(Parental_adult_survival).xlsx

Description: This file contains survival data of post-diapause adult beetles exposed to high temperatures (30 °C, 33 °C, 36 °C, 39 °C) for varying durations (1–24 hours), grouped by diapause duration (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 years).Sheets:

Sheet1: Survival data for each temperature and exposure time.

Variables:

Exposure Temperature (℃): Temperature at which adults were exposed (20, 30, 33, 36, 39°C).

Exposure Time (h): Duration of exposure (1, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours).

Diapause Duration (0.5yrs / 1yr / 1.5yrs / 2yrs): Duration of diapause for each experimental group.

Total (individuals): Number of individuals exposed per replicate.

Survived (individuals): Number of individuals surviving after exposure.

Survival Rate (%): Percentage of survivors per replicate.

File: Raw_Data_(offspring_survival).xlsx

Description: This file contains survival data of offspring (F1 generation) from parents with different diapause durations, exposed to high temperatures at four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

Sheets:

Sheet1: Survival data for each life stage and temperature.

Variables:

Exposure Stage: Life stage of offspring (egg, larva, pupa, adult).

Exposure Temperature (℃): Temperature at which offspring were exposed (eggs: 20–36°C; other stages: 20–45°C).

Diapause Duration (0.5yrs / 1yr / 1.5yrs / 2yrs): Parental diapause duration.

Total (eggs/individuals): Number of eggs or individuals exposed per replicate.

Hatched / Survived (individuals): Number of hatched eggs or surviving individuals.

Hatching Rate / Survival Rate (%): Percentage of hatched or surviving individuals.

Life Stages & Test Conditions:

Eggs: 20–36 °C, 24 h exposure

Larvae: 20–45 °C, 24 h exposure

Pupae: 20–45 °C, 24 h exposure

Adults: 20–45 °C, 24 h exposure

File: Raw_Data_(offspring_respiration_rate).xlsx

Description: This file contains respiration rate data of F1 larvae (7-day-old) exposed to high temperatures (20 °C, 36 °C, 39 °C, 42 °C, 45 °C) for 6 hours, measured using a CO₂ respirometry system.

Sheets:

Sheet1: Respiration measurements for each temperature and diapause group.

Variables:

Exposure Temperature (℃): Temperature at which larvae were exposed (20, 36, 39, 42, 45°C).

Diapause Duration (0.5yrs / 1yr / 1.5yrs / 2yrs): Parental diapause duration.

Respiration chamber CO₂ reading: CO₂ concentration at the end of measurement (ppm or μL/L).

Respiration chamber CO₂ baseline value: Initial CO₂ concentration in the chamber.

Insect body weight (g): Weight of individual larva.

Respiration Rate (μmol CO₂·g⁻¹·s⁻¹): Respiration rate per second.

Respiration Rate (μmol CO₂·g⁻¹·h⁻¹): Respiration rate per hour.

Code/software

1. Software Requirements for Viewing Data:

The raw data files are provided in Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) format. To view and analyze these files, the following software (or equivalent) is recommended:

• Microsoft Excel (version 2016 or later)
• LibreOffice Calc (version 7.0 or later)
• Google Sheets (via upload to Google Drive)

No specialized packages or plugins are required to view the data.

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2. Software Used for Data Analysis in the Study:

All statistical analyses and data processing reported in the associated manuscript were performed using:

• IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 31.0)

Specific procedures included:

• Probit Analysis for estimating LT₅₀ (median lethal temperature) and corresponding confidence intervals.
• One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare survival rates and respiratory rates across treatments.
• Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) Test for post-hoc multiple comparisons.

No custom scripts or code were used; all analyses were conducted using the built-in functions of SPSS.

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3. Data Workflow Description:

The relationship between the raw data files and the statistical analyses is as follows:

• "Raw Data (Parental adult survival).xlsx"
  → Used for analyzing the effect of diapause duration on adult heat tolerance.
  → Data were transformed to Probit units for LT₅₀ estimation in SPSS.
• "Raw Data (offspring survival).xlsx"
  → Contains survival/hatch/emergence rates for offspring across life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae, adults).
  → Used in Section 3.2 to assess transgenerational effects of diapause duration.
• "Raw Data (offspring respiration rate).xlsx"
  → Provides respiratory metabolism data for larvae under heat stress.
  → Used in Section 3.3 to generate thermal performance curves and compare respiration rates across temperatures.

All data were first organized in Excel, then imported into SPSS for statistical testing. Figures and tables in the manuscript were generated based on the output from these analyses.

Access information

Other publicly accessible locations of the data:

• None

Data was derived from the following sources:

• None