Data from: Short Communication: Feeding behaviors are not correlated with area-under-the-curve for reticulorumen pH below 5.8 and 5.6 in finishing steers
Data files
Mar 14, 2025 version files 25.44 KB
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Data_240807.xlsx
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README.md
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Abstract
Persistent low rumen pH (<5.8-5.6) is the most researched sign of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA), a disorder in cattle caused by consumption of a high-concentrate diet. Animals may ruminate less and eat forages to slow acid accumulation, but there are no other easily detectable signs of SARA. The objective was to evaluate whether feeding behavior is correlated to daily time spent below reticulorumen pH 5.8 and 5.6. We predicted that the severity of daily fluctuation in pH below 5.8 would be negatively correlated to daily intake, the number of visits to the feed bin, and time spent eating, as decreases in these variables are indicative of sickness behavior. These aspects of feeding behavior are moderately, positively correlated to each other (r≥0.3), thus do not represent 3 independent tests of our hypothesis, but rather, create an overall picture of feeding behavior. Eighteen steers were fed a high-concentrate finishing ration ad-libitum, with delivery twice daily into automated feed bins that measured feeding behavior. Wireless boluses measured reticulorumen pH in 10-min intervals continuously for 11.5±0.9 d (mean±SD). The mean daily pH was 6.1±0.2, the mean daily maximum pH was 6.7±0.1, and the mean daily minimum pH was 5.5±0.2 (mean±SD). The area-under-the-curve (AUC) for pH below 5.8 and 5.6 for each 24-h day was calculated for each animal (AUC: 75.2±15.5 and 30.3±7.4 pH x min/24 h, respectively, mean±SE). Repeated-measures correlation analyses investigated the relationship between AUC and each of the behavioral variables. There was no correlation between time spent eating (74.0±3.0 min/24 h, mean±SE) or visits to the feed (27.0±2.4 no./24 h) and AUC (r³-0.072; p³0.34). A weak negative correlation existed between the DMI (10.0±0.2 kg/24 h) and AUC < pH 5.6 (r=-0.164; p=0.03), but not for AUC < pH 5.8 (r=-0.122, p=0.10). The same analyses were conducted for daily AUC and the feeding behaviors on the following day to capture a delayed behavioral response, but no associations were detected (p³0.12). The feeding behaviors measured alone were not adequate to describe the severity of reticulorumen pH depression in finishing cattle. Individual variation in tolerance to low pH, adequate time to adapt to the finishing ration, and/or selection pressures for weight gain may have contributed to the lack of a defined sickness response to SARA.
The corresponding paper references the supplemental materials in this document. The means and standard errors are reported in the RMarkdown for all data. Missing data has been denoted in the raw data files with “NA”.
Description of the data and file structure
This section includes the data used for this paper.
Eighteen finishing steers, fed ad-libitum, with delivery twice daily into automated feed bins that measured feeding behavior. Wireless boluses were administered that measured reticulorumen pH in 10-min intervals. Each animal was monitored continuously for 11.5 (0.9) d (mean (SD)). Based on the distribution of intake, a threshold of 5 kg DM was created and 1 animal (Steer 12) was removed from analyses for not consuming at least 5 kg DM daily.
- Data 240807.xlsx: Descriptive columns include Animal ID (Animal) and date of data collection (Date). Dry matter intake (DMI_std), time spent eating in minutes (Time_eating), number of visits to the feed bin (Visit_count), and time spent below a reticulorumen pH threshold of 5.8 (Time_5.8) and 5.6 (Time_5.6) were summed by 24-h period. The number of minutes per day spent below a reticulorumen pH of 5.8 were recorded as sum of 10-minute periods in the “Time_5.8” column. The “AUC_5.8” is the Area-Under-the-Curve for reticulorumen pH 5.8. The “AUC_5.8_DMIstd” is the “AUC_5.8” value standardized by DMI. The same calculations were completed for pH 5.6 in the columns “Time_5.6”, “AUC_5.6”, and “AUC_5.6_DMIstd”. Mean, maximum, and minimum reticulorumen pH were calculated on a daily basis, and recorded in the “Mean_pH”, “Max_pH”, and “Min_pH” columns, respectively. Missing data has been denoted in the data files with "NA".
RMarkdown Code
Annotated versions of the Rmarkdown files in .rmd and .pdf can be downloaded in and run in R, or viewed in the pdf format.
- Descriptive Statistics, Models, and Figures 250102 (pdf and rmd)
Software
All analyses were conducted in R Studio and all packages and versions are included in the RMarkdown files listed above.
