Objective: To examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and hyperuricemia (HU). Methods: 5168 subjects were included in this study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Hyperuricemia (HU) was defined as uric acid ≥ 416 mmol/L for male population and ≥ 360 mmol/L for female. A multivariable logistic analysis model was applied to test the associations after adjusting a number of potential confounding factors. Results: The relative odds of the overall prevalence of HU were decreased by 0.57 times in the fourth quintile of Mg intake (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.94) and 0.55 times in the fifth quintile (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.30-1.01) comparing with the lowest quintile, and P for trend was 0.091. The results of multivariable linear regression also suggested a significant inverse association between serum uric acid and Mg intake (β=-0.028, P=0.022). For male, the relative odds of HU were decreased by 0.62 times in the third quintile of Mg intake (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.97), 0.40 times in the fourth quintile (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.23-0.72) and 0.35 times in the fifth quintile (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.17-0.71) comparing with the lowest quintile, and P for trend was 0.006. Multivariable adjusted inverse association was also existed between serum uric acid and Mg intake in male population (β=-0.061, P=0.002). However, no significant association was observed between dietary Mg intake and HU for female. Conclusions: The findings of this cross-sectional study indicated that dietary Mg intake is inversely associated with HU, independent of some major confounding factors. In addition, this association remains valid for the male subgroup, but not for the female subgroup. Level of Evidence: LevelⅢ, cross-sectional study.