Repeatability of measures of biobehavioral organization over two years in captive infant rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta
Data files
Jan 22, 2024 version files 68.04 KB
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Correlations_BBAvsYears_HOvsBehav_Annotated_Recoded_IDs.R
14.19 KB
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HC1_BBAVars.csv
14.83 KB
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HC2_BBAVars.csv
15.25 KB
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HIT_BBAVars.csv
11.78 KB
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Hosps_BBAVars.csv
2.08 KB
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README.md
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TempeRates_BBAVars.csv
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Abstract
Individual differences of infant temperament have been associated with future health outcomes that provide explanatory power beyond adult personality. Despite the importance of such a metric, our developmental understanding of personality-like traits is poor. Therefore, we examined whether young primates show consistency in personality traits throughout development. We replicated a Biobehavioral Assessment (BBA) at three time periods: 3-4 months, one year, and two years of age in 47 rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) subjects from large mixed-sex outdoor social housing units at the California National Primate Research Center. We report results for tests focused on responses and adaptation to the temporary separation and relocation, responses to a threatening stimulus, and ratings of overall temperament. We found consistently repeatable associations in measures of Emotionality; these associations were stronger in males, but also present in females, and broadly consistent between year one and two. We also explored whether behavioral responses to this experimental relocation might be influenced by their experience being relocated for other reasons (i.e., hospitalizations) as individuals’ responses might be influenced by similar experiences to the BBA procedure. Only locomotion, during one of the assessments, was associated with past hospitalization events. Overall, repeatability in Emotionality-associated behaviors was evident across the two years, in both sexes. We did, however, find evidence of the emergence of sex differences via differentiated expression of behavioral responses during the BBA. We emphasize that there is likely contextual nuance in the use of these BBA factor-associated behaviors. Further research is required to determine whether and how shifts occur in underlying factor structure and the expression of associated behaviors.
Alexander J. Pritchard, John P. Capitanio, Laura Del Rosso, Brenda McCowan, Jessica Vandeleest
We have included 5 data files and one R code file. The R code functions to read in the files and assembles tables that were used to generate the table in the manuscript.
Description of the data and file structure
That is, comparing BBA factor scores (with long all CAPS columns names in TempeRates, HC1, HC2, HIT) to the BBA-associated behaviors from year one or two (column name Y); comparing BBA-associated behaviors between year one and two; and comparing BBA-associated behaviors to hospitalization events (Hosps). Data files are presented as csv files with the _BBAVars suffix and are associated to the relevant BBA test (HC# for holding cage observations; HIT for human intruder observations; TempeRates for temperament ratings) and hospitalization events (Hosps). All data files include sex of the subject and sequentially ordered ID numbers to facilitate analyses. BBA-associated behaviors have the suffix P or R contingent on whether it is a rate or proportion.
The five datafiles, and details about column/data structure, are as follows:
HC1_BBAVars: data from observations of the subject animal in the holding cage during day 1 of the BBA events on year 1 or year 2.
animid = unique identifier for each subject animal
Y = year of BBA event sampling (1 or 2)
HAP1 - VCR1 = rates (R suffix) or proportions (P suffix) for the relevant behaviors as detailed in the primary open access manuscript
DAY1ACTIVITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Activity
DAY1EMOTIONALITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Emotionality
Sex = Subject Sex
HC2_BBAVars: data from observations of the subject animal in the holding cage during day 2 of the BBA events on year 1 or year 2.
animid = unique identifier for each subject animal
Y = year of BBA event sampling (1 or 2)
HAP2 - VCR2 = rates (R suffix) or proportions (P suffix) for the relevant behaviors as detailed in the primary open access manuscript
DAY2ACTIVITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Activity
DAY2EMOTIONALITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Emotionality
Sex = Subject Sex
HIT_BBAVars: data from observations of the subject animal during the human intruder test during the BBA events on year 1 or year 2.
animid = unique identifier for each subject animal
Y = year of BBA event sampling (1 or 2)
ACP - VOR = rates (R suffix) or proportions (P suffix) for the relevant behaviors as detailed in the primary open access manuscript
HIACTIVITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Human Intruder Activity
HIEMOTIONALITY = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Human Intruder Emotionality
HIAGGRESSION= Infant BBA scores for the factor of Human Intruder Aggression
HIDISPLACEMENT = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Human Intruder Displacement
Sex = Subject Sex
Hosps_BBAVars: data of hospitalization events of the subject animals cumulatively
animid = unique identifier for each subject animal
Y = year of cumulative hospitalization data (0 [3-4 months], 1, or 2 years)
Sex = Subject Sex
Hosps = Count of discrete hospitalization events for any medical treatment
TempeRates_BBAVars: data from ratings of the subject animal during at the end of the BBA events on year 1 or year 2.
animid = unique identifier for each subject animal
Y = year of BBA event sampling (1 only)
VIGILANTSCALE = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Vigilant
GENTLESCALE = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Gentle
CONFIDENTSCALE = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Confident
NERVOUSSCALE = Infant BBA scores for the factor of Nervous
Vig - Ner = Resulting scores from Year 1 ratings after being scaled, reversed (if necessary), then summed into composite scores.
Sex = Subject Sex
Sharing/Access information
These data are to supplement the associated publication from American Journal of Primatology (Article DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23591).
Code/Software
The attached R code should import the relevant *.csv files to replicate the exact values used in the manuscript’s tables. Use setwd() to direct R to the file folder where you have placed the datafiles. Code relies on the plyr package for the ldply() function.
These data were collected from three tests utilized in the Biobehavioral Assessment program, at the California National Primate Research Center. Raw video codings have been cleaned and processed to a format standard for BBA analyses - as described elsewhere (Golub et al., 2009; Gottlieb & Capitanio, 2013).
*.csv reader, such as Microsoft Excel or LibreOffice Calc
R Software Environment