Data from: Biodiversity of soil biota and plants stabilizes ecosystem multifunctionality with increasing number of global change factors
Data files
Apr 15, 2025 version files 295.93 KB
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GCFs_NEW.xlsx
228.06 KB
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R_code.txt
60.57 KB
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README.md
7.31 KB
Abstract
Increasing the number of global change factors (GCFs) strongly influences biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, the specific mechanisms through which biodiversity, especially soil biodiversity, stabilizes ecosystem multifunctionality under rapidly growing GCFs remain elusive. Here, we implemented a multifaceted approach involving multiple GCFs (nitrogen addition, phosphorus addition, and soil acidification) in the Inner Mongolia grassland to elucidate the impact of species diversity, community composition, and temporal asynchrony within plant and soil biota on multifunctional stability. Our findings showed that with an increasing number of GCFs, plant and soil biodiversity, ecosystem multifunctionality, and multifunctional stability broadly decreased. The negative effects of GCFs on multifunctional stability were primarily associated with the community asynchrony of soil nematodes and plants, while the negative effects on ecosystem multifunctionality were mainly associated with the community composition of soil fungi. Additionally, the indirect influence of diversity within plants and soil biota on multifunctionality and its stability was manifested through their effects on the community composition or asynchrony.
Synthesis. Our results provide new empirical evidence that soil biodiversity is at least as important as plant biodiversity in determining multifunctionality and multifunctional stability under multiple GCFs. These findings highlight the importance of conserving soil biodiversity and integrating it into conservation efforts to maintain ecosystem stability in the face of increasing GCFs.
Increasing global change factors (GCFs) significantly reduce biodiversity, ecosystem multifunctionality, and its stability. Using nitrogen and phosphorus addition and soil acidification in Inner Mongolia grasslands, we found that these effects are driven by shifts in plant and soil biota diversity, composition, and asynchrony. Specifically, soil nematode and plant asynchrony influenced stability, while fungal community composition impacted multifunctionality. Diversity effects were mainly indirect, acting through changes in community structure and dynamics.
The dataset consists of a GCFs_NEW.xlsx and an R code file.
Sheet 1 was the dataset for all raw data, and Sheet 2 was the dataset for SEM.
The dataset contains 108 variables for Sheet1 and Sheet2. NA in the dataset indicates missing data for the relevant variable.
Column Units Description
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TRE unitless Experimental treatment
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GCFN unitless Number of global change factors
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ANPP g m-2 Above-ground net primary production
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Cmin mg g-1 day-1 Soil carbon mineralization
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Nmin mg g-1 day-1 Soil nitrogen mineralization
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TMB nmol g-1 Total microbial biomass
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TNA ind. g-1 dry soil Soil nematode abundance
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MBC mg kg-1 Microbial biomass carbon
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MBN mg kg-1 Microbial biomass nitrogen
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ZANPP unitless Standardized above-ground net primary production
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ZCmin unitless Standardized soil carbon mineralization
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ZNmin unitless Standardized soil nitrogen mineralization
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ZTMB unitless Standardized total microbial biomass
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ZTNA unitless Standardized total nematode abundance
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ZMBC unitless Standardized microbial biomass carbon
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ZMBN unitless Standardized microbial biomass nitrogen
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Prich unitless plant richness
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PPCoA1 unitless plant composition
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Brich unitless Bacterial ZOTU richness
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BPCoA1 unitless Bacterial ZOTU composition
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Frich unitless Fungal ZOTU richness
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FPCoA1 unitless Fungal ZOTU composition
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Nrich unitless Nematode taxon richness
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NPCoA1 unitless Nematode taxon composition
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ZPrich unitless Standardized plant richness
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ZPPCoA1 unitless Standardized plant composition
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ZBrich unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU richness
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ZBPCoA1 unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU composition
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ZFrich unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU richness
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ZFPCoA1 unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU composition
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ZNrich unitless Standardized nematode taxon richness
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ZNPCoA1 unitless Standardized nematode taxon composition
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Asy_Plants unitless Plant asynchrony
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Asy_Ba unitless Bacterial ZOTU asynchrony
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Asy_Fu unitless Fungal ZOTU asynchrony
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Asy_Nema unitless Nematode taxon asynchrony
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ZAsy_Plants unitless Standardized plant asynchrony
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ZAsy_Ba unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU asynchrony
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ZAsy_Fu unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU asynchrony
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ZAsy_Nema unitless Standardized nematode taxon asynchrony
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SD_ZANPP unitless Standard deviation of above-ground net primary production
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SD_ZCmin unitless Standard deviation of soil carbon mineralization
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SD_ZNmin unitless Standard deviation of soil nitrogen mineralization
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SD_ZTMB unitless Standard deviation of total microbial biomass
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SD_ZTNA unitless Standard deviation of total nematode abundance
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SD_ZMBC unitless Standard deviation of microbial biomass carbon
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SD_ZMBN unitless Standard deviation of microbial biomass nitrogen
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SB_ZANPP unitless Stability of above-ground net primary production
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SB_ZCmin unitless Stability of soil carbon mineralization
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SB_ZNmin unitless Stability of soil nitrogen mineralization
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SB_ZTMB unitless Stability of total microbial biomass
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SB_ZTNA unitless Stability of total nematode abundance
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SB_ZMBC unitless Stability of microbial biomass carbon
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SB_ZMBN unitless Stability of microbial biomass nitrogen
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Fun unitless Mean of ecosystem multifunctionality
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SD_Fun unitless Standard deviation of ecosystem multifunctionality
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SB_Fun unitless Stability of ecosystem multifunctionality
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TZPrich unitless Standardized plant richness
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TZPPCoA1 unitless Standardized plant composition
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TZAsy_Plants unitless Standardized plant asynchrony
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TZBrich unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU richness
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TZBPCoA1 unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU composition
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TZFrich unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU richness
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TZFPCoA1 unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU composition
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TZNrich unitless Standardized nematode taxon richness
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TZNPCoA1 unitless Standardized nematode taxon composition
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TZAsy_Nema unitless Standardized nematode taxon asynchrony
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TZAsy_Ba unitless Standardized bacterial ZOTU asynchrony
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TZAsy_Fu unitless Standardized fungal ZOTU asynchrony
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PAB unitless Standardized annuals and biennials richness
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PPB unitless Standardized perennial bunchgrass richness
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PPF unitless Standardized perennial forbs richness
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PPR unitless Standardized perennial rhizome grasses richness
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FAMF unitless Standardized mycorrhizal fungi ZOTU richness
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FPATH unitless Standardized plant pathogen fungi ZOTU richness
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FSAP unitless Standardized soil saprotroph fungi ZOTU richness
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NBF unitless Standardized bacterial feeders richness
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NFF unitless Standardized fungal feeders richness
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NOC unitless Standardized omnivores+carnivores richness
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NPF unitless Standardized plant feeders richness
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PABPCoA1 unitless Standardized annuals and biennials composition
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PPBPCoA1 unitless Standardized perennial bunchgrass composition
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PPFPCoA1 unitless Standardized perennial forbs composition
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PPRPCoA1 unitless Standardized perennial rhizome grasses composition
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FAMFPCoA1 unitless Standardized mycorrhizal fungi ZOTU composition
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FPATHPCoA1 unitless Standardized plant pathogen fungi ZOTU composition
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FSAPPCoA1 unitless Standardized soil saprotroph fungi ZOTU composition
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NBFPCoA1 unitless Standardized bacterial feeders composition
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NFFPCoA1 unitless Standardized fungal feeders composition
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NOCPCoA1 unitless Standardized omnivores+carnivores composition
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NPFPCoA1 unitless Standardized plant feeders composition
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PABASY unitless Standardized annuals and biennials asynchrony
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PPBASY unitless Standardized perennial bunchgrass asynchrony
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PPFASY unitless Standardized perennial forbs asynchrony
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PPRASY unitless Standardized perennial rhizome grasses asynchrony
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FAMFASY unitless Standardized soil saprotroph fungi ZOTU asynchrony
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FPATHASY unitless Standardized plant pathogen fungi ZOTU asynchrony
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FSAPASY unitless Standardized mycorrhizal fungi ZOTU asynchrony
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NBFASY unitless Standardized bacterial feeders asynchrony
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NFFASY unitless Standardized Fungal feeders asynchrony
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NOCASY unitless Standardized omnivores+carnivores asynchrony
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NPFASY unitless Standardized plant feeders asynchrony
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Multi_T30 unitless Multifunctionality T30
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Multi_T50 unitless Multifunctionality T50
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Multi_T70 unitless Multifunctionality T70
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Stab_T30 unitless Multifunctional stability T30
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Stab_T50 unitless Multifunctional stability T50
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Stab_T70 unitless Multifunctional stability T70
Code/Software
The file R_code includes all code required for the manuscript.
Any scripts,code, packages can be run using R version 4.0.5 (R Core Team, 2021).