Data from: Mosaicism in a new Eocene pufferfish highlights rapid morphological innovation near the origin of crown tetraodontiforms
Data files
May 11, 2017 version files 695.46 MB
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Dryad Figure 1.jpg
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Dryad Figure 2.jpg
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Dryad Figure 3.pdf
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Dryad Figure 4.pdf
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Fused PLY model of Ctenoplectus williamsi NHMUK PV P63336.ply
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Output of Four Replicates of BEAST SA FBD analysis of Tetraodontiformes.zip
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Supplementary Data File 1 - Ctenoplectus.mov
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Supplementary Data File 2 - Ctenoplectus_P63336_laser_surface_scan.ply
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Supplementary Data File 3 - Ctenoplectus_morphological_matrix.nex
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Supplementary Data File 4.xlsx
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Supplementary Data File 8 - PLY models of NHMUK PV P. 63336.zip
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Supplementary Data File Ctenoplectus BEAST.xml
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Table 1 - GenBank accession numbers.xlsx
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Table 2 - PartitionFinder Scheme.xlsx
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Table 3 - Tip Ages for Fossils.xlsx
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Table 4 - Monophyletic taxon sets.xlsx
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Table 5 Acanthomorph root-age.xlsx
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Table 6 Tetraodontiform crown prior age.xlsx
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Abstract
Tetraodontiformes (pufferfishes and kin) is a taxonomically and structurally diverse, widely-distributed clade of acanthomorphs, whose members often serve as models for genomics and, increasingly, macroevolutionary studies. Morphologically disparate Palaeogene fossils suggest considerable early experimentation, but these flattened specimens often preserve limited information. We present a three-dimensionally preserved beaked tetraodontiform from the early Eocene (c. 53 Ma) London Clay Formation, UK. Approximately coeval with the oldest crown tetraodontiforms, †Ctenoplectus williamsi gen. et sp. nov. presents an unprecedented combination of characters, pairing a fused beak-like dentition with prominent dorsal-fin spines that insert atop transversely-expanded pterygiophores roofing the skull. Bayesian total-evidence tip-dating analysis indicates that †Ctenoplectus represents the sister lineage of Triodontidae and highlights considerable levels of homoplasy in early tetraodontiform evolution. According to our dataset, rates of morphological character evolution were elevated at the origin of crown Tetraodontiformes, especially within gymnodonts, but declined after the principal body plans were established. Such ‘early burst’ patterns are regarded as a hallmark of adaptive radiations, but are typically associated with diversification at smaller spatiotemporal scales. However, denser sampling of Neogene and Recent taxa is needed to confirm this pattern.