Efficacy of cover crops for pollinator habitat provision and weed suppression
Data files
Dec 15, 2021 version files 266.29 KB
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Bee_community_1s_removed.txt
62.84 KB
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Bee_ENV_remove0_1s_removed.csv
25.08 KB
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Bee_ENV.csv
31.48 KB
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Bees_PERMANOVA.R
11.32 KB
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Floral_Abund.csv
17.23 KB
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Floral_Abund.R
6.02 KB
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Weeds_2017_ENV.csv
16.74 KB
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Weeds_2017.txt
61.81 KB
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Weeds_PERMANOVA.R
33.76 KB
Abstract
Data collection and processing is outlined in detail in Bryan et al., Efficacy of cover crops for pollinator habitat provision and weed suppression, in the journal Environmental Entomology. Methodology is also included in the usage notes section below.
COMMUNITY DATA: The first two files listed below contain community data for bee species and weedy plant species, respectively. The first column is ‘Ordcode’ and corresponds to the given environmental data files (Bee_ENV.csv, Weeds 2017 ENV.csv) and site and treatment information, as well as survey timings for species occurrence. The other columns contain species codes. In the bee dataset, species names are composed of the first three letters of the genus name and the first three letters of the species name. In the weeds community dataset, the species names are 5-letter codes, which typically represent the first three letters of the genus name and the first two letters of the species name, following the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) coding system (https://www.eppo.int). For weed species sampling, a chevron-patterned transect was designed in ArcGIS prior to conducting surveys. Transects consisted of 20 points, spaced 10-20 m apart. Researchers navigated to each point and sampled community data using a 0.5 x 1 m quadrat. Species and percent cover were measured at each plot.
FILE: Bee_community_1s_removed.txt
(Bray-Curtis dissimilarity was used to ordinate samples, since it is one of the most robust ordination methods. Survey rounds where one sample had zero taxa were removed for multivariate analysis. The dataset used in analysis is provided here with some omitted samples.)
FILE: Weeds 2017.txt
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA: The environmental datafiles provided for multivariate analysis, which correspond to the community data files, are: Bee_ENV.csv, Bee ENV_remove0_1s_removed.csv, and Weeds 2017 ENV.csv.
FILE: Bee_ENV.csv
Ordcode – This is the code provided to relate the community and environmental datasets for multivariate analysis.
Field – Fields were located at Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge in Marion, Illinois, USA. A map is available in Bryan et al. (accepted) Environmental Entomology. Field sizes ranged from 3.82 to 9.48 ha and averaged 5.36 ha. Fields were divided in half; one half was planted in the control treatment, Triticum aestivum L. (winter wheat), and the other half was planted in one of five clover cover treatments. Treatments were replicated 5 times and completely randomized across the Refuge land. Treatments were planted immediately prior to soybean harvest in September 2016.
Method – This is the method of bee specimen capture: ‘Net’ or pan ‘Trap’.
Treatment – This is abbreviated ‘T’. Numbers in parentheses represent the seeding rates of each cover species in kg/ha. Fields were assigned one of 6 treatments: T1 - Clover 3-Way and Bob Oats [Trifolium incarnatum (7.8), T. repens (4.5), T. pratense (1.7), and Avena sativa (16.8)], T2 - Crimson Clover and Bob Oats [T. incarnatum (16.8) and A. sativa (22.0)], T3 - Red Clover and Bob Oats [T. pratense (11.0) and A. sativa (22.0)], T4 - Ladino Clover and Bob Oats [T. repens (4.5) and A. sativa (22.0)], T5 - No Cover Crop [None], T6 - Control: Winter Wheat [Triticum aestivum (112.0)].
NestedT – This variable groups the field halves, T1-5 or T6, for analysis. This allows comparison of the paired treatment with the control.
Round – Six surveys or ‘rounds’ were performed. Bee sampling occurred approximately every three weeks from mid-April to late-August 2017.
CorT – This denotes control ‘C’ or treatment ‘T’.
Field.CT – This is a combination of ‘Field’ code and ‘C’ or ‘T’ notation.
S – Richness, or number of species, per sample.
N – Number of individuals per sample.
d – Diversity. ‘****’ here and throughout notes that species and individuals were too few to calculate.
J' – Pielou’s evenness
H'(loge) – Shannon-Weiner diversity index
eH – the effective number of species
1-Lambda' – Simpson index
FA.S – Floral abundance richness
FA.N – Floral abundance number of individuals
FA.J – Floral abundance evenness
FA.H – Floral abundance diversity
FA.eH – Floral abundance effective number of species
Apimel – Abundance of honey bees
FILE: Bee ENV_remove0_1s_removed.csv
Variables are coded in the same way as the file above. The difference is that this file corresponds to the bee community file provided, with the same survey rounds removed.
FILE: Weeds 2017 ENV.csv
Ordcode - This is the code provided to relate the community and environmental datasets for multivariate analysis.
Field – Fields were located at Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge in Marion, Illinois, USA. A map is available in Bryan et al. (accepted) Environmental Entomology. Field sizes ranged from 3.82 to 9.48 ha and averaged 5.36 ha. Fields were divided in half; one half was planted in the control treatment, Triticum aestivum L. (winter wheat), and the other half was planted in one of five clover cover treatments. Treatments were replicated 5 times and completely randomized across the Refuge land. Treatments were planted immediately prior to soybean harvest in September 2016.
Treatment – This is abbreviated ‘T’. Numbers in parentheses represent the seeding rates of each cover species in kg/ha. Fields were assigned one of 6 treatments: T1 - Clover 3-Way and Bob Oats [Trifolium incarnatum (7.8), T. repens (4.5), T. pratense (1.7), and Avena sativa (16.8)], T2 - Crimson Clover and Bob Oats [T. incarnatum (16.8) and A. sativa (22.0)], T3 - Red Clover and Bob Oats [T. pratense (11.0) and A. sativa (22.0)], T4 - Ladino Clover and Bob Oats [T. repens (4.5) and A. sativa (22.0)], T5 - No Cover Crop [None], T6 - Control: Winter Wheat [Triticum aestivum (112.0)].
CorT – This denotes control ‘C’ or treatment ‘T’.
Field.CT – This is a combination of ‘Field’ code and ‘C’ or ‘T’ notation.
Round – There were 3 rounds or survey periods (early April, mid-June, and late July in 2016 and 2017.
Survey Year - 2016 or 2017. Surveys in 2016 were taken while files were in a soybean rotation and were intended as a baseline comparison for the weed community data. Surveys in 2017 occurred while the fields were planted into the clover cover treatments.
S – Richness, or number of species, per sample.
J' – Pielou’s evenness
H'(loge) – Shannon-Weiner diversity index
eH – the effective number of species
faS – Floral abundance richness
faJ' – Floral abundance evenness
faH'(loge) – Floral abundance diversity
faeH – Floral abundance effective number of species
faSumCover – Floral abundance sum of cover
AVESA – Cover of Avena sativa L.
TRFIN – Cover of Trifolium incarnatum L.
TRFPR – Cover of Trifolium pratense L.
TRFRE – Cover of Trifolium repens L.
TRZAW – Cover of Triticum aestivum L.
FILE: Floral Abund.csv
Sample – This corresponds to ‘Ordcode’ in other files.
S – Richness, or number of species, per sample.
N – Number of individuals per sample.
J' – Pielou’s evenness
H'(loge) – Shannon-Weiner diversity index
e^H' – the effective number of species
Field – Fields were located at Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge in Marion, Illinois, USA. A map is available in Bryan et al. (accepted) Environmental Entomology. Field sizes ranged from 3.82 to 9.48 ha and averaged 5.36 ha. Fields were divided in half; one half was planted in the control treatment, Triticum aestivum L. (winter wheat), and the other half was planted in one of five clover cover treatments. Treatments were replicated 5 times and completely randomized across the Refuge land. Treatments were planted immediately prior to soybean harvest in September 2016.
Treatment – This is abbreviated ‘T’. Numbers in parentheses represent the seeding rates of each cover species in kg/ha. Fields were assigned one of 6 treatments: T1 - Clover 3-Way and Bob Oats [Trifolium incarnatum (7.8), T. repens (4.5), T. pratense (1.7), and Avena sativa (16.8)], T2 - Crimson Clover and Bob Oats [T. incarnatum (16.8) and A. sativa (22.0)], T3 - Red Clover and Bob Oats [T. pratense (11.0) and A. sativa (22.0)], T4 - Ladino Clover and Bob Oats [T. repens (4.5) and A. sativa (22.0)], T5 - No Cover Crop [None], T6 - Control: Winter Wheat [Triticum aestivum (112.0)].
NestedT – This variable groups the field halves, T1-5 or T6, for analysis. This allows comparison of the paired treatment with the control.
Round – Six surveys or ‘rounds’ were performed. Floral abundance was measured at the same time as bee sampling, approximately every three weeks from mid-April to late-August 2017.
CorT – This denotes control ‘C’ or treatment ‘T’.
Field.CT – This is a combination of ‘Field’ code and ‘C’ or ‘T’ notation.
ANALYSIS FILES:
Bees PERMANOVA – This file contains the R code for the bee multivariate analysis.
Floral Abund – This file contains the R code to analyze floral abundance.
Weeds PERMANOVA – This file contains the R code for the weeds multivariate analysis.