Data from: Multiple forms of balancing selection maintain inversion polymorphism
Data files
Jul 17, 2025 version files 486.21 KB
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Paris_et_al_2025_Heredity_raw_data.xlsx
483.04 KB
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README.md
3.16 KB
Abstract
Despite many examples of balanced inversion polymorphisms, little is known about how they affect fitness-related traits. This knowledge gap hampers our understanding of how they are selectively maintained as protected polymorphisms. Here, we study the effects of a cosmopolitan balanced inversion polymorphism in D. melanogaster, In(3R)Payne, on fitness components, including traits related to development, growth, reproduction, stress resistance, and adult survival. We find that the non-inverted standard (STD) chromosomal arrangement and the inverted (INV) arrangement behave like Mendelian alleles of a supergene, which affect a suite of complex fitness-related phenotypes. While the STD arrangement tends to have positive, mostly dominant effects on size-related traits, fecundity, fertility, stress resistance, and lifespan, the INV arrangement exhibits mostly recessive effects that are indicative of fitness costs. Yet, in favor of the balanced polymorphism, we observe overdominance for egg hatchability, egg-to-adult survival, pupal survival at 18°C, developmental time, and male desiccation resistance. The most parsimonious explanation for these heterotic effects is that they are due to some form of multi-locus heterokaryotype advantage. We also find several instances of trait-, sex-, and temperature-dependent changes in the degree of dominance, suggesting a possible role of antagonistic selection with context-specific dominance reversals in maintaining the polymorphism. Moreover, genotype-by-environment interactions and parental effects appear to contribute as well. Together, our results suggest that multiple phenotypic modes of balancing selection are involved in maintaining the inversion polymorphism.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bvq83bkn7
Description of the data and file structure
The main aim of our study (Paris et al. 2025) was to investigate the effects of the In(3R)Payne inversion polymorphism on a suite of fitness-related traits in the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Here we present the raw data of our study (see: Paris_et_al_2025_Heredity_raw_data.xlsx). For further details see our paper Paris et al. 2025, entitled “Multiple Forms of Balancing Selection Maintain Inversion Polymorphism”, published in Heredity. For additional details please contact the first author, Margot Paris (margot.paris@unifr.ch), or the corresponding author, Thomas Flatt (thomas.flatt@unifr.ch).
Files and variables
File: Paris_et_al_2025_Heredity_raw_data.xlsx
Description: Each tab of the excel file provides the raw data for a given fitness-related trait (or for a trait in a given experimental condition).
Variables and Abbreviations
- INV/INV = inverted/inverted homokaryotype
- STD/STD = STD/STD homokaryotype
- HET = INV/STD and STD/INV heterokaryotypes
- “Karyotype3” indicates one of three main karyotypes INV/INV, STD/STD and HET
- Karyotype4” indicates whether a given HET individual was, depending on the direction of the cross, a STD/INV or INV/STD individual
- Femur length in mm
- Hatchability measured as percentage, at both 25C and 18C
- Egg-to-adult survival (viability) measured as percentage, assayed at both 25C and 18C
- Developmental time measured in hours, for females and males (Event = 1 = observed adult eclosion; Event = 0 = censored data point)
- Pupal survival measured as percentage, at both 25C and 18C
- Dry weight in mg, measured for females and males
- Wing area in mm2, measured for females and males
- Femur length in mm, measured for females and males
- Total fertility, measured as total number of viable offspring per female over the whole 30-day period observed.
- Fertility over time, measured as number of viable offspring per female per day, over time (i.e., over a 30-day period).
- Fecundity, measured at either 25C or at 18C, expressed as the average number of eggs laid per female per day (average daily per-capita fecundity)
- Starvation survival for females and males, measured as age of death upon starvation in hours (Event = 1 = observed death; Event = 0 = censored data point)
- Desiccation survival for females and males, measured as age of death upon starvation in hours (Event = 1 = observed death; Event = 0 = censored data point)
- Adult lifespan for females and males, measured as age of death in days (Event = 1 = observed death; Event = 0 = censored data point)
Code/software
none; the R code used to analyze the phenotypic raw data is given in Supplementary Table S1 of the paper.
Access information
Other publicly accessible locations of the data:
- The raw data are also given supplementary table S2 of the paper.
Data was derived from the following sources:
- not applicable.