Skip to main content
Dryad

Data from: Ongoing India-Eurasia collision predominantly driven by Sumatra-Java slab pull

Zheng, Qunfan1; Hu, Jiashun1; Gurnis, Michael2; Chen, Ling3; Shi, Yaolin4; Bao, Xueyang1; Yang, Yingjie1

Published Jul 11, 2025 on Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d7wm37qd4

Data files

Jul 11, 2025 version files 10.64 GB

Abstract

Continued India-Eurasia convergence since the early Paleogene has led to the formation of the Tibetan Plateau. Yet the primary driving mechanisms of this protracted convergence remain debated. Here we provide the holistic quantification of various driving forces to this convergence using high-resolution, plate-boundary-resolving global convection models. We present six comparison models. The first grouping of models, comprising Models 1 through 3, is designed to examine the role of plate-boundary forces at the India-Tibet collision zone. With Model 1 being the reference model, Models 2 and 3 examine the plate-boundary force at the India-Tibet collision zone by varying the weak zone factor and the Indian slab structure. The second grouping of models includes Models 1 and 4, focusing on the role of plate-boundary forces at the Sumatra-Java boundary. The third grouping, consisting of Models 1, 5, and 6, explores the effects of basal drag beneath the Indo-Australian plate. For each model, we provide raw data from global model calculations within the depth range of 0-400 km. Our study implies that slab pull from Sumatra-Java subduction is the predominant driving force of India-Eurasia convergence.