Data from: Temporal patterns in multiple stressors shape the vulnerability of overwintering Arctic zooplankton
Data files
Nov 18, 2024 version files 22.42 KB
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behaviour_Albini_et_al._2023.csv
8.74 KB
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dataset.csv
8.74 KB
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README.md
4.95 KB
Abstract
Our study investigates the winter survival of the Arctic copepod C. glacialis under multiple stressors, exploring stressor temporal dynamics and exposure duration. We conducted experiments with pulse (intermittent) and press (continuous) exposure temporal scenarios, involving microplastics, pyrene, and warming in a fully factorial design. We observed significant effects on copepod survival, with pronounced impacts during later stressor phases. Two-way interactions between microplastics and pyrene, as well as pyrene and warming, showed significant effects, further intensified with the presence of a third stressor. Continuous stressor exposure for 9 days (press temporal scenario) led to greater reductions in copepod survival compared to the pulse scenario, characterised by two 3-day stressor exposure phases. Notably, the inclusion of recovery phases, free from stressor exposure, positively influenced copepod survival, highlighting the importance of temporal dynamics. Our findings underscore the intricate interactions among multiple stressors and their temporal patterns in shaping overwintering Arctic copepod responses. This study has crucial implications for managing Arctic aquatic ecosystems in the context of ongoing climate change, highlighting the need to predict and mitigate combined stressor effects in these environments.
This README file was generated by Dr. Dania Albini
GENERAL INFORMATION:
1a. Title of the paper
Temporal patterns in multiple stressors shape the vulnerability of overwintering Arctic zooplankton
1b: Title of the dataset 1: dataset
1c. Title of the dataset 2:behaviour_Albini et al. 2023
- Authors:
Albini Dania*, Mathieu Lutier, Martin P. Heimböck, Jan Heuschele, Janne E. Søreide, Michelle C. Jackson, Khuong Van Dinh.
*Corresponding authors:
Albini Dania: dania.albini@biology.ox.ac.uk/ dania.albini@gmail.com , Department of Biology, University of Oxford, England, UK
- Data of Collection and location:
Sampling was conducted on 15th January 2023, near Billefjorden, in the Arctic, from the RV Helmer Hanssen.
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION:
- Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
- Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
- Journal of publication: not published yet
- Was data derived from another source? No
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
1a. File List:
Title of the dataset 1: dataset
Title of the dataset 2:behaviour_Albini et al. 2023
- Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR dataset.csv:
In this dataset there are listed all the variables used for the paper, for the statistical analysis performed and for the graphs created
- Number of variables: 5
- Number of rows (including titles): 450
- Variable List:
- bottle: number of the bottles used for the different treatments
- sampling_day: D means Day. There are the following sampling days: D3,D6,D9,15, for a total of 4 sampling days.
- treatment: is the treatment applied to the copepods. W = warming, PYR = pyrene and MP - microplastics.
- stressor_type: indicates the temporal stressor temporal dynamics: pulse (2 stress phases and 2 recovery phases), press (1 stress phase and 1 recovery phase) and control (no stress), for a total of 3 stressor temporal dynamics
- raw_n_death: number of deaths in each bottle
CODE/SOFTWARE:
-All statistical analyses performed using R studio version 12.0. 353 (R Core Team, 2021).
To evaluate how individual and combined stressors affected copepod survival under different temporal dynamics and across various stress and recovery phases: generalized linear model (GLM) analysis with a Poisson distribution. number of survivors: dependent variable; treatments: fixed effects.
We examined how the presence of a recovery influenced the copepods, using the survival data during the final stressor phases: a linear regression analysis, with previous recovery and treatment as fixed factors and the weighted survival of the copepods, accounting for exposure time, as the dependent variable. The weighted survival was calculated by dividing the number of survivors in each replicate by the corresponding exposure time. Shapiro-Wilk test and Levene’s Test to assess the normality of residuals and the homogeneity of variance, respectively. The tests confirmed that the assumptions of normality and equal variance were satisfied. Two-sided t-test to compare how copepods responded to each of the three stressors individually, either with or without prior recovery, using the exposure length-weighted survival calculated as described above.
Visualisations of results: package “ggplot2” (version 3.4.2, Wickham 2016).
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR behaviour_Albini_et_al._2023.csv:
In this dataset there are listed all the variables used for the paper, for the statistical analysis performed and for the graphs created
- Number of variables: 8
- Number of rows (including titles): 177
- Variable List:
- w = warming (first stressor)
- pyr = pyrene (second stressor)
- MP = microplastics (third stressor)
- StressRec: indicates the phase: stressor phase (stressor exposure) or recovery phase (no stress exposure)
- delivery: indicates the temporal stressor temporal dynamics: pulse (2 stress phases and 2 recovery phases), constant (1 stress phase and 1 recovery phase)
- Grossdistancetravelledmm: indicates the gross distance travelled by each copepod, in each treatment and sampling time, in mm
- ProportionofTimeSwimming: indicates the proportion of time (in seconds) spent swimming for each copepod, in each treatment and sampling time, in mm
- sampling_time: D means Day. There are the following sampling days: D3,D6,D9,15, for a total of 4 sampling days.
CODE/SOFTWARE:
-All statistical analyses performed using R studio version 12.0. 353 (R Core Team, 2021).
To test if copepods are more active when subject to stressors, we used a GLM analysis with a Gamma (link = “log”) distribution, with the stressor treatments and the temporal exposure as fixed effects and the gross distance travelled (mm) and the proportion of time spent swimming (seconds) as a dependent factors.
In January 2023, copepods were sampled near Billefjorden in the Arctic using a Zooplankton Net from the RV Helmer Hanssen. Collected copepods, specifically in the main diapausing and CIV, CV stages of Calanus glacialis, were transported to a controlled-temperature room at the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) within a day. After sorting, selected specimens were sent to the University of Oslo for an experiment in February 2023.
The experiment, conducted at the Department of Biosciences, involved exposing C. glacialis to three stressors (warming, microplastics, and pyrene) in a fully crossed design. Three temporal regimes were examined: pulse (stressors applied twice for 3 days each with recovery phases), press (continuous exposure for 9 days with a single 5-day recovery phase), and a control group with no stressor exposure. The pulse treatment spanned 14 days, and the press treatment lasted for 14 days as well.