Data from: Ecological speciation in Darwin’s finches: Ghosts of finches future
Data files
Oct 17, 2024 version files 14.26 KB
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comparisondata.csv
8.98 KB
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playbackdata.csv
1.97 KB
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README.md
3.31 KB
Abstract
The theory of ecological speciation posits that adaptive divergence among incipient species raises incidental barriers to reproduction, thus catalyzing the emergence of new species. Here we conduct an experimental test of this theory in Galápagos finches, a clade in which beaks and mating songs are mechanistically linked. We forecast the acoustic structure of songs for a set of possible evolutionary futures (successive droughts spurring increasingly large beaks) and, in a field assay, presented resulting song simulations to territorial males. We find that responses to song dropped off after 6 simulated drought events, to degrees roughly comparable to drops in response to song divergence caused by cultural drift and acoustic adaptation. Our results support, in Darwin’s finches, the feasibility and mechanistic bases of an ecological speciation hypothesis.
Playback datasets
Two files:
- playbackdata.csv
- comparisondata.csv
Description of the data and file structure
playbackdata.csv. Data from the current study (Figure 3). Responses to playback of each bird to each drought treatment where rows correspond to individual playback trials.
File: Label of audio file of trial narration and subject vocalizations.
Trial: Order position (1-4) of that trial for the given focal bird.
BirdID: Identification code for the focal bird.
Stimulus: ID of the original natural song stimulus recorded from another male of the same morph and population as the focal bird. Each song was modified from this original version to simulate the four different drought treatments indicated in the next column.
DroughtTreatment: The number of simulated drought events used to digitally modify the natural song stimulus; control or 0-drought events, 1-drought event, 3-drought events, 6-drought events.
mindist: Minimum perched proximity (m) of the focal bird to the speaker during the 3-minute playback period.
NoSongs: The number of songs of the focal bird during the 3-minute playback period.
NoFlights: The number of flights of the focal bird during the 3-minute playback period.
Latency.firstsong: Latency (s) of the focal bird to sing after the start of the first playback song. NAs indicate trials where the focal bird never sang.
Latency.firstflight: Latency (s) of the focal bird to fly off the starting perch after the start of the first playback song. NAs indicate trials where the focal bird never flew.
mindist.overflight: Minimum proximity (m) of the focal bird to the speaker during the 3-minute playback period in meters including overflights. NAs indicate trials where the focal bird’s closet approach was a perched location rather than an overflight.
NA: Indicates not applicable. Song or flight latencies are not applicable for trials in which birds did not fly or sing. Where birds did not engage in overflights (NA), minimum distances in our analyses were coded with respect to minimum perched locations.
comparisondata.csv. Finch responses to playback 4 different control vs probe song comparisons (Figure 4, Fig. S2) from 3 studies (current study, 35, 44). Data is in long format with each row representing a single trial for an individual bird.
Study: Indicates study (current study, 35, 44).
Metric: Six response metrics as defined for Data S1. playbackdata.csv, except for flight rate and song rate which here are coded as the number of flights or songs divided by 3 minutes.
BirdID: Identification code for the focal bird. Equivalent numbers across studies do not indicate the same individual.
local_same_0: Value of the response metric for control treatments (local, random morph songs for study 35, local, same morph songs for the remaining studies)
foreign_other_6: Value of the response metric for probe trials (foreign, random morph songs for 44, same location/ different morph or different location/ same morph for 35, and 6 drought treatments for the current study).
Sharing/Access information
Methods for data collection described in manuscript
Code/Software
R scripts used for all statistical analyses have been uploaded
Behavioral responses of male Geospiza fortis to song playbacks across 4 treatments, and comparing birds' responses to control and probe treatements across 3 studies.