Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savanna
Data files
Oct 14, 2024 version files 12.82 KB
-
Data_Set_BITR-24-085.R1.xlsx
12.82 KB
Oct 14, 2024 version files 17.32 KB
-
Data_Set_BITR-24-085.R1.xlsx
12.82 KB
-
README.md
4.50 KB
Abstract
Differences between habitats and seasonal changes in climate are some of the main factors responsible for shaping diversity patterns and biological community structures. In this context, anurans are considered excellent models for ecological studies due to their high sensitivity to environmental changes. This study analyzed how differences between open and forested formations and seasonality influence the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages in an area of Neotropical savanna. Parameters of taxonomic (species richness—SR), functional (functional diversity—SES.FD, functional dispersion—FDis and functional redundancy—FR), and phylogenetic diversity (phylogenetic species variability—PSV and phylogenetic species richness—PSR) were used to quantify spatiotemporal changes in the anuran assemblages. Sampling was carried out over 15 months, using pitfall traps and active searches. In total, we recorded 598 individuals belonging to 21 species and seven families. Species composition, SR and PSR differed between habitats and seasons, the latter two being higher in open formations during the rainy season. SES.FD differed seasonally, and was higher in the dry season. FDis, FR and PSV did not differ between treatments. Anurans from forested formations were functionally and phylogenetically clustered during the rainy season, while those from open formations were functionally clustered during the same season. Habitat type and seasonal variation were important in determining the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of the anuran assemblages. However, changes in climate and land use are expected to negatively impact the ecological and evolutionary diversity of these organisms in the Cerrado, reinforcing the importance of conservation policies and actions.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n02v6wx62
Description of the data and file structure
Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): Data were collected between April 2009 and June 2010.
Geographic location of data collection: Ecological Station Serra das Araras, Cáceres, Brazil
Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: Data collecting was funded by the Cognitus Program of the International Institute of Education of Brazil—IEB and Conservation International Brazil—CI-Brasil through a research grant to C.S.
Files and variables
File: Data_Set_BITR-24-085.R1.xlsx
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
- Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0
- Links to publications that cite or use the data:
Barros, R. A., Dorado-Rodrigues, T. F., Valadão, R. M., Strussmann, C. (2024). Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savannah. Biotropica.
- Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
- Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
- Was data derived from another source? No
A. If yes, list source(s): NA
- Recommended citation for this dataset:
Barros, R. A., Dorado-Rodrigues, T. F., Valadão, R. M., Strussmann, C. (2024). Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savannah. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n02v6wx62
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
1. File List:
A) Data_Set_BITR-24-085.R1.xls
a. Sheet 1 – spp_Matrix
b. Sheet 2 – traits
2. Relationship between files, if important: Sheet 1 is species matrix for community analysis. Sheet 2 are traits table used in the functional analysis.
3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No
A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA
i. Why was the file updated? NA
ii. When was the file updated? NA
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: spp table (Sheet 1) is species matrix with abundance data.
1. Number of columns: 22
2. Number of cases/rows: 20
3. Column List:
* Pontos: Site where data collected. Legends: Open formations in the dry season (OF:DS), open formations in the rainy season (OF:RS), forested formations in the dry season (FF:DS), forested formations in the rainy season (FF:RS).
* Species: The rest of the columns are species names.
4. Missing data codes: N/A
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: In the Sheet 2 (traits table), the number 1 indicates species presents that ecological characteristic for Habit Type (HT), Reproduction Type (RT), and Reproductive Mode (RM) traits. The SVL (Snout-Vent Length - mm) and body mass (g) values corresponds to the average size and weight of adult individuals of each species. The reproductive mode (RM) of species is represented by:
RM_1 - Eggs and exotrophic tadpoles in lentic water;
RM_11 - Foam nest floating on pond; exotrophic tadpoles in pond;
RM_13 - Foam nest floating on water accumulated in constructed basins; exotrophic tadpoles in ponds;
RM_20 - Eggs hatching into exotrophic tadpoles carried to water by parent;
RM_23 - Direct development of terrestrial eggs;
RM_30 - Foam nest with eggs and early larval stages in subterranean constructed nests; after flooding, exotrophic tadpoles
get washed into ponds;
RM_31 - Foam nest with eggs and early larval stages in subterranean constructed nests; after flooding, exotrophic tadpoles
get washed into streams;
RM_32 - Foam nest in subterranean constructed chambers; endotrophic tadpoles in chamber.
For more details on RM classification see Crump 2015.
1. Number of columns: 17
2. Number of cases/rows: 21
3. Column List: Functional traits used in the quantification of functional diversity.
Code/software
To calculate, functional and phylogenetic parameters were used with the ape (Paradis et al., 2004), pd (Laliberté & Legendre, 2010), FD (Laliberté & Legendre, 2010), picante (Kembel et al., 2010) and SYNCSA packages (Debastiani & Pillar, 2012). The GAM models were built using the mgcv package (Wood, 2017).
The study was carried out in a federal protected area (Serra das Araras Ecological Station – SAES), located in the southwest of the state of Mato Grosso, municipalities of Cáceres and Porto Estrela (15°33 – 57°03 N; 15°39 – 57°19 E; Figure 1). The area, which is situated in a transition zone between Cerrado and Amazonia, is composed of a vegetation mosaic. Sampling was carried out in five types of vegetation, classified as open formations (Cerrado sensu stricto and parque de cerrado) and forested formations (riparian forest, semi-deciduous dry forest, and cerrado woodland, also known in Brazil as cerradão).
Sampling was carried out at ten sampling points (two sampling points in each type of vegetation), at least 200 meters apart. We sampled a total of four points in open formations and six points in forested formations. Data were collected between April 2009 and June 2010, using two complementary methodologies—pitfall traps with drift fences and active searches.
We installed a set of pitfall traps at each sampling point (each set consisting of ten 60-liter plastic buckets, seven meters apart, buried along a straight line. The buckets were inspected daily, early in the morning, for five consecutive days each month, totaling 78 non-consecutive days of sampling. The total sampling effort was 6,820 buckets/day.
At each sampling point, we performed active searches along pre-existing trails (nearly 1.5 m wide). Three to five observers slowly surveyed each trail on foot, during the daytime (between 08:20-10:30h) and at night (between 18:30 to 23:00h), along of all study. All the accessible microhabitats were visually inspected for the presence of amphibians. The sampling effort at each sampling site varied from 4.5 to 20 observer-hours, and the total sampling effort was 122.5 observer-hours.