Poverty is not only an economic problem but also a social problem, and there are certain limitations of objective poverty based on the population's income. It does not reflect the residents' true feelings regarding education opportunities, pension and medical security, and participation in decision-making. Researchers have studied it intensively in different objective dimensions of Chinese poverty, and little attention has been paid to subjective poverty. This study analyzes how public services supply, livelihood capital, and livelihood strategies affect subjective perceptions of poverty.