Evolution of large eyes in stromboidea (Gastropoda): Impact of photic environment and life history traits
Data files
Oct 25, 2024 version files 1.17 MB
-
12S_Stromboidea.nex
31.38 KB
-
16S_Stromboidea.nex
29.48 KB
-
28S_Stromboidea.nex
107.60 KB
-
Alignment1_Stromboidea_COI_12S_16_28S.fasta
171 KB
-
Alignment1_Stromboidea_COI_12S_16_28S.nex
174.39 KB
-
Alignment2_Stromboidea_mtPCGs_12S_16S_18S_28S.fasta
309.12 KB
-
Alignment2_Stromboidea_mtPCGs_12S_16S_18S_28S.nex
310.90 KB
-
COI_Stromboidea.nex
38.55 KB
-
Partitions_alignment2_Stromboidea_mtPCGs_12S_16S_18S_28S.nex
807 B
-
README.md
1.76 KB
Abstract
Eyes within the marine gastropod superfamily Stromboidea range widely in size, from 0.2 to 2.3 mm - the largest eyes known in any gastropod. Despite this interesting variation, the underlying evolutionary pressures remain unknown. Here, we use the wealth of material available in museum collections to explore the evolution of stromboid eye size and structure. Our results suggest that depth is a key light-limiting factor in stromboid eye evolution; here, increasing water depth is correlated with increasing aperture width relative to lens diameter, and therefore an increasing investment in sensitivity in dim light environments. In the major clade containing all large-eyed stromboid families, species observed active during the day and the night had wider eye apertures relative to lens sizes than species observed active during the day only, thereby prioritising sensitivity over resolution. Species with no consistent diel activity pattern also had smaller body sizes than exclusively day-active species, which may suggest that smaller animals are more vulnerable to shell-crushing predators, and avoid the higher predation pressure experienced by animals active during the day. Within the same major clade, ancestral state reconstruction suggests that absolute eye size increased above 1 mm twice. The unresolved position of Varicospira, however, weakens this hypothesis and further work with additional markers is needed to confirm this result.
README: Evolution of Large Eyes in Stromboidea (Gastropoda): Impact of Photic Environment and Life History Traits
Description of the data and file structure
Data files (uploaded to Dryad, can be viewed with a standard text editor):
- Alignment 1: Concatenated four-gene nexus alignment of stromboid sequences obtained via Sanger sequencing (COI, 12S, 16S and 28S).
- Alignment 1: Concatenated four-gene fasta alignment of stromboid sequences obtained via Sanger sequencing (COI, 12S, 16S and 28S).
- Alignment 2: Concatenated alignment of stromboid mitogenome and nuclear data in nexus format. See partitions file.
- Alignment 2: Concatenated alignment of stromboid mitogenome and nuclear data in fasta format. See partitions file.
- Partitions for Alignment 2
- COI alignment of stromboid sequences in nexus format.
- 12S alignment of stromboid sequences in nexus format.
- 16S alignment of stromboid sequences in nexus format.
- 28S alignment of stromboid sequences in nexus format.
Supplementary files (uploaded to Zenodo):
- Figure S1: Diagram of measurements taken for morphological trait data
- Figure S2: Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial + nuclear, mitochondrial-only and nuclear-only data. Results are summarised in Figure 2.
- Figure S3: LIPA analysis
- Figure S4: CT scan videos: examples of a large- and a small-eyed stromboid
- Table S1: Depth range of each stromboid family, and locomotion behaviour as described in the literature
- Table S2: Specimen collection data
- Table S3: Model selection and sequence analysis
- Table S4: Morphological trait data used in analyses
- Table S5: Left and right eye measurements
- Table S6: Diel activity justifications
- Table S7: Predators of stromboids, as described in the literature