Rickettsia induces strong cytoplasmic incompatibility in a predatory insect
Data files
May 18, 2024 version files 544.12 KB
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16SrRNA.fas
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cifA-B.fas
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NTeggs.csv
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NTHatchRate.csv
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README.md
Abstract
Rickettsia, a group of intracellular bacteria found in eukaryotes, exhibits diverse lifestyles, with some acting as vertebrate pathogens transmitted by arthropod vectors and others serving as maternally transmitted arthropod endosymbionts, some of which manipulate host reproduction for their own benefit. Two phenotypes, namely male killing and parthenogenesis induction are known as Rickettsia-induced host reproductive manipulations, but it remains unknown whether Rickettsia can induce other types of host manipulation. In this study, we discovered that Rickettsia induced strong cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), in which uninfected females produce no offspring when mated with infected males, in the predatory insect Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae). Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Rickettsia strain was related to Rickettsia bellii, a common insect endosymbiont. Notably, this strain carried plasmid-encoded homologues of the CI-inducing factors (namely cifA-like and cifB-like genes), typically found in Wolbachia, which are well-known CI-inducing endosymbionts. Protein domain prediction revealed that the cifB-like gene encodes PD-(D/E)XK nuclease and deubiquitinase domains, which are responsible for Wolbachia-induced CI, as well as OTU-like cysteine protease and ankyrin repeat domains. These findings suggest that Rickettsia and Wolbachia endosymbionts share underlying mechanisms of CI and that CI-inducing ability was acquired by microbes through horizontal plasmid transfer.
README: Rickettsia induces strong cytoplasmic incompatibility in a predatory insect
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt9b
This dataset includes the data related to the crossing experiment and phylogenetic analysis. Crossing experiment data contains raw data of eggs laid (NTeggs.csv), R script for eggs laid (NTeggs.R), raw data of egg hatch rate (NTHatchRate.csv), R script for egg hatch rate (NTHatchRate.R). Phylogenetic analysis data contains fasta data of 16SrRNA nucleotide sequence (16SrRNA.fas) and cif gene nucleotide sequence (cifA-B.fas).
Description of the data and file structure
Crossing experiment
NTeggs.csv
treatment: Mating pair of crossing experiments
RR: the pair of male of Rickettsia infected line (OW1) and female of Rickettsia infected line (OW1)
RC: the pair of male of Rickettsia infected line (OW1) and female of cured line (OW1tet)
CR: the pair of male of cured line (OW1tet) and female of Rickettsia infected line (OW1)
CC: the pair of male of cured line (OW1tet) and female of cured line (OW1tet)
pair: The number identifying the mating pair
eggs: Numbers of eggs laid in 6days
NTeggs.R
The R command for the Kruskal–Wallis test is shown in the file "NTeggs.R". Shapiro-Wilk normality tests were performed for each treatment and the null hypothesis was rejected, followed by a Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was performed. Please import the "NTeggs.csv" file into R and run this R command.
NTHatchRate.csv
sample: Mating pair of crossing experiments
RR: the pair of male of Rickettsia infected line (OW1) and female of Rickettsia infected line (OW1)
RC: the pair of male of Rickettsia infected line (OW1) and female of cured line (OW1tet)
CR: the pair of male of cured line (OW1tet) and female of Rickettsia infected line (OW1)
CC: the pair of male of cured line (OW1tet) and female of cured line (OW1tet)
pair: The number identifying the mating pair
hatch: The binomial data of the egg hatch rate
0: unhatched
1: hatched
NTHatchRate.R
The R command for the GLMM analysis is shown in the file "NTHatchRate.R". The "glmer" function in the "lme4" package was used to test each combination after the global test. Please import the "NTHatchRate.csv" file into R and run this R command.
Phylogenetic analysis
16SrRNA.fas
51 nucleotide sequences used for the phylogenetic tree construction of the 16S rRNA are shown in the file "16SrRNA.fas". Each OTU is labelled with the bacterial species and strain name, the common and Latin name of the host insect and the accession number of the sequence.
cifA-B.fas
68 nucleotide sequences used for the phylogenetic tree construction of the cif gene are shown in the file "cifA-B.fas". Each OTU is labelled with the strain name of the bacterium, the common and Latin names of the host insect species and the sequence accession number of the sequence.
Sharing/Access information
The sequence read data were deposited in the DDBJ under the accession numbers LC801390-LC801396.
Code/Software
The analyses were performed using R version 4.2.2, MEGA11 version 11.0.13, and GBlocks tool in NGPhylogeny.fr.