Satellite data of the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption in the Galápagos islands
Cite this dataset
Ortiz, Hugo et al. (2024). Satellite data of the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption in the Galápagos islands [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wstqjq2w5
Abstract
The 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos, Ecuador has provided new insights into the mechanisms of caldera resurgence, subsidence, and fissuring at basaltic shield volcanoes. Here, we integrate local (~0.4 km) seismo-acoustic records and regional (~85 km) infrasound array data to present new observations of the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption with improved time and spatial resolutions. These observations include: air-to-ground coupling ~2 hours before the time of the eruption onset, migration of the infrasound tremor from 22:54 June 26 to 12:31 June 27 UT (all times in UT), and persistent infrasound detections during the weeks between 5 July and 18 August from an area that does not coincide with the previously documented eruptive fissures. We interpret air-to-ground coupling as infrasound tremor generated in the nearby fissures before the main eruptive phase started, although ambiguity remains in interpreting a single seismic-infrasonic sensor pair. The progressive location change of the infrasound tremor agrees with the migration of the eruption down the north flank of Sierra Negra at a rate of ~0.15 ± 0.04 m/s. The weeks-long persistent detections coincide with a region that has thermal anomalies, co-eruptive deformation, lava fields, and geological features that could be interpreted as multiple lava tube skylights. Our observations and interpretations provide constraints on the mechanisms underlying fissure formation and magma emplacement at Sierra Negra.
README: Visual and multi-band satellite imagery for the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wstqjq2w5
We store visual and multi-band satellite data used to show thermal anomalies during the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra (Galapagos).
Description of the data and file structure
The dataset consist of twelve geo-referenced tif files that capture the region where the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra took place. There is a mix of visual and multi-band satellite imagery. We only use the visual and near-infrared bands in our manuscript. Each tif file is store inside a folder name after the date the image was capture by the satellite. Coordinates shown in the metadata of the tif files are projected in the UTM system zone 15 South and geodetic reference frame WGS84.
Sharing/Access information
Further data downloads might be possible at Planet Labs : https://api.planet.com
These images can easily be read and analyzed using free software such as QGIS: https://www.qgis.org
Methods
Satellite imagery retrieved from Planet Labs. We store data as downloaded from Planet Labs. We use sat data to retrieve location of thermal anomalies during the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption in the Galapagos.
Funding
National Science Foundation, Award: EAR-1847736
National Science Foundation, Award: EAR-1620576