The data files are to reproduce results of the following paper: Watanabe, J. (in press) Clade-specific evolutionary diversification along ontogenetic major axes in avian limb skeleton. Evolution. The data are from original measurement by the author, except for the ontogenetic data of Anas platyrhynchos, which were taken from Dial & Carrier (2012; Journal of Experimental Biology, 215, 3703-3710). For each family, three data tables are provided: one containing a summary of species means and sample size, one containing individual values, and one containing ontogenetic data. Nexus files of the working phylogenies are also provided (with a suffix ".v" in file names denoting phylogenies excluding flightless species). Description of the files code.txt: Text file including codes to reproduce results of the paper. functions.R: R file (editable as text) including functions used in the codes. I.ALC.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Alcidae. I.ANA.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Anatidae. I.ARD.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Ardeidae. I.LAR.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Laridae. I.PHA.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Phalacrocoracidae. I.PRO.csv: Comma-separated text including individual data of Procellariidae. M.ALC.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Alcidae. M.ANA.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Anatidae. M.ARD.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Ardeidae. M.LAR.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Laridae. M.PHA.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Phalacrocoracidae. M.PRO.csv: Comma-separated text including species means of Procellariidae. O.ALC.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Cerorhinca monocerata (Alcidae). O.ANA.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Anas platyrhynchos (Anatidae). O.ARD.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Ardea cinerea (Ardeidae). O.LAR.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Larus crassirostris (Laridae). O.PHA.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Phalacrocorax capillatus (Phalacrocoracidae). O.PRO.csv: Comma-separated text including ontogenetic data of Calonectris leucomelas (Procellariidae). T.ALC.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Alcidae. T.ALC.v.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Alcidae (excluding flightless species). T.ANA.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Anatidae. T.ANA.v.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Anatidae (excluding flightless species). T.ARD.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Ardeidae. T.LAR.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Laridae. T.PHA.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Phalacrocoracidae. T.PHA.v.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Phalacrocoracidae (excluding flightless species). T.PRO.csv: Nexus file for the working phylogeny for Procellariidae. Keys for headers: SPL, species name; REPNO, repository and specimen number; HUM, humerus length; ULN, ulna length, CMC, carpometacarpus length, FEM, femur length; TIB, tibiotarsus length; TMT, tarsometatarsus length; COMPOSITE, whether that specimen is composite (i.e. possibly includes multiple individuals) or not; SEX, sex of individual; LOC, locality; FLIGHTLESS, whether that species is flightless or not; PHY, whether that species is included in working phylogeny (and hence in pPCA); NHUM, NULN, NCMC, NFEM, NTIB, NTMT, sample size for each variable.