Tables Supplemental Table 1. Differential gene expression in B. amyloliquefaciens CMW1 in the presence or absence of 10% (v/v, 631 mM) [BMIM]Cl. Table 1. Differential expression of genes related to uptake of osmoprotectants and genes of drug efflux pumps. Annotation was performed by D-FAST (https://dfast.nig.ac.jp). "Locus" indicates the location of the gene at genome sequence of B. amyloliquefaciens CMW1. Figure legends Fig. 1. Cationic and anionic structure of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl). Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between ILT of strain CMW1and the MFS transporters of Gram-positive bacteria based on amino acid sequences. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using ILT (LC554416) from B. amyloliquefaciens CMW1, homologous proteins from B. subtilis strain 168 (NP_388149, NP_388189, NP_388461, NP_388672, NP_390281,NP_390536, NP_391167, NP_391637, and NP_391957), Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (AAP10250), Staphylococcus aureus (WP_000170403 and WP_001041274), Streptococcus pneumoniae (VPM23664 and WP_000136147), Streptococcus pyogenes (WP_000417517), and Clostridium perfringens (YP_001967742), and lactose permease (NP_414877) from E. coli strain K-12 as an out group. Bootstrap values were calculated from multiple resamplings of the sequence data set, which are the basis for multiple tree topologies. Bar, 0.05 amino acid substitutions per site. DHA; Drug: H+ antiporter families. Fig. 3. Multiple alignment of amino acid sequence of ILT with those of other MFS transporters. Amino acid sequences of ILT (LC554416) from B. amyloliquefaciens CMW1 and homologous MFS transporters (EmrD; NP_418129, YdeA; P31122, and AraJ; P23910) from E. coli K-12 were aligned by the Clustal method using DNASTAR software (DNA Star, Madison, WI, USA). Conserved amino acid residues in the transporters are indicated by black boxes. Predicted transmembrane (TM) helices 1 through 12 of ILT and TM helices 1 through 12 of EmrD are indicated by dashed and solid lies, respectively. Motifs B and C are indicated under the aligned amino acid sequences. Closed triangles, open triangles, and an open circle indicate the amino acids related to the recognition of the hydrophobic structure of substrates, the topology of the efflux pumps, and the import of proton, respectively. Fig. 4. Detection of recombinant ILT and growth of B. choshinensis harboring ILT gene in the presence of 5% (v/v, 315 mM) [BMIM]Cl. (A) Detection of ILT in the cell membrane of recombinant B. choshinensis. Arrowheads indicate recombinant ILT. (B) Comparison of recombinant B. choshinensis expressing ILT (+pBIC-ILT) with unrecombinant B. choshinensis (−pBIC-ILT). OD600 was measured to evaluate the growth in each of six independent cell cultures.