These MS Excel files contain data on hive resources found within surveyed hives at six study apiaries in Mwingi, eastern Kenya. This data was collected by Pamela Ochungo and James Ng'ang'a between May 2017 and November 2018. The data were collected as proportions of hive frame and later converted into absolute numbers using the Liebefeld method as described in the manuscript. Each hive was sampled a total of five times between May 2017 and November 2018, targeting both the wet and dry seasons. The project was supported by European Union for funding of the project “African reference laboratory (with satellite stations) for the management of pollinator bee diseases and pests for food security, grant number DCI-FOOD-2011/023-520 and the National Geographic Society, USA for funding of the project “Landscape setup and honeybee colony integrity”, grant number WW-194EC-17U.S. Data set name : Hive-level-data-Mwingi Site : Name of the apiary Colony : The identifier for a hive within an apiary Month : The month in which the data was collected Popbees : Population of adult worker honeybees in the hive Cellsbrood : Number of cells in the hive frames containing the honeybee brood, both sealed and open Cellshoney : Number of cells in the hive frames containing honey Cellspollen : Number of cells in the hive frame containing pollen (bee bread) Cellseggs : Number of cells in the hive frame containing eggs