Native and non-native insect herbivores associated with native and non-native European trees
Data files
Apr 24, 2024 version files 924.50 KB
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EuropeanHostData.csv
921.08 KB
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README.md
3.42 KB
Abstract
We compiled a list of all native and non-native insect species known to feed on 77 tree species in Europe. For each tree species, a list of insects known to utilize that species as a host was compiled using a variety of sources. The resulting list consists of 7,598 tree species -insect species pairs. Each insect was researched to determine its taxonomic groupings, feeding guild (gall-maker, folivore, reproductive plant feeder, sap-feeder, or phloem/wood-borer), and whether it was native to Europe or non-native.
README: Native and non-native insect herbivores associated with native and non-native European trees
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3n5tb2rrx
Description of the data and file structure
This database consists of a single file, EuropeanHostData.csv which contains a comprehensive listing of all known herbivorous insects paired with each of 77 tree species native to Europe. The identity of each of 7,598 tree-insect pairs was derived from several published sources described below in Methods.
The database consists of a single file, EuropeanHostData.csv with 12 columns:
- Host tree species
- Tree family
- “Tree type” - Tree clade (angiosperm or conifer)
- “Non-native tree in Europe” - Tree nativeness (native or non-native to Europe)
- Insect species
- Insect native biorealm
- Insect feeding guild (sapfeeder, foliage feeder, or borer)
- Insect order
- Insect family
- Insect nativeness (native or non-native to Europe)
- Insect host specialization (generalist or specialist using protocol described below)
Sharing/Access information
Data was derived from the following sources:
- Blackman, R. L., & Eastop, V. F. (1994). Aphids on the World’s Trees: an Identification and Information Guide. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Chamberlain, S., Ram, K., Barve, V., Mcglinn, D., & Chamberlain, M.S. (2017). Package ‘rgbif’. Interface to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility ‘API, 5, 0-9.
- De Jong, Y., Verbeek, M., Michelsen, V., de Place Bjørn, P., Los, W., Steeman, F., ... & Penev, L. (2014). Fauna Europaea–all European animal species on the web. Biodiversity Data Journal, (2): e4034. (doi:0.3897/BDJ.2.e4034).
- EPPO (2021). European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Global Database (available online). https://gd.eppo.int.
- García Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov, Y., Hardy N. B. (2016). ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. (available online) http://scalenet.info.
- Jendek, E., & Poláková, J. (2014). Host plants of the world Agrilus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae): A critical review. Springer Cham. 706 pp. (doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08410-7).
- Kunca, A., Csoka, G., & Zubril, M. (2013). Insects and diseases damaging trees and shrubs of Europe. N. A. P. Édition. 535 pp. (ISBN: 9782913668186)
- Liljeblad, J. (2021). Swedish species observation system. (available online) https://www.artdatabanken.se/, accessed: 2021.
- Pickering, J. (2011). Discover Life. http://www.discoverlife.org (available online) accessed: 2021.
- Robinson, G. S., Ackery, P. R., Kitching, I. J., Baccaloni, G. W., & Hernández, L. M. (2010). HOSTS – a database of the world’s Lepidopteran hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosts (available online) accessed: 2021.
- San-Miguel-Ayanz, J., de Rigo, D., Caudullo G., Houston Durrant, T., Mauri, A. eds. (2016). European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. European Commission.
- Smith, R. M., and D. B. Roy. (2008). Revealing the Foundations of Biodiversity: The Database of British Insects and their Foodplants. British Wildlife 20: 17–25.
- Turner, R., Blake, R., & Liebhold, A. M. (2021). International Non-native Insect Establishment Data (0.1)[Data set]. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/record/5245302#.Y0eYHOzMIad.
Methods
A list of tree species (n = 77) native to Europe was compiled. The list originated from the European Atlas of Forest Tree Species (San-Miguel-Ayanz et al. 2016). For each tree species, a list of insects known to utilize that species as a host was compiled using nine sources: Blackman & Eastop (1994), EPPO (2021), García et al. (2016), Jendek & Poláková (2014), Kunca et al. (2013), Liljeblad (2021), Pickering (2011), Robinson et al. (2010), and Smith & Roy (2008). Each insect species was then researched to determine its higher level taxonomy, feeding guild (gall maker, folivore, reproductive plant feeder, sap feeder, or wood borer), and whether it was native to Europe or non-native based on the Fauna Europea database (De Jong et al. 2014) and the International Non-native Insect Establishment Database (Turner et al. 2021). To account for incomplete data that may be generated by poorly studied trees, the bottom 12% of tree species (n = 9) were removed from the dataset; resources identified 12 or fewer insect species associated with these trees. Lastly, each insect species was categorized as either a specialist or generalist at the host genus level, where a specialist was defined as an insect species that feeds on trees within the same genus, while a generalist has hosts in multiple genera.
Accuracy of the dataset was ensured through multiple steps that involved the removal of: 1) insect species not considered herbivores (e.g., detritivores and parasitoids); 2) duplicate tree-insect pairs due to spelling errors (e.g., Alebra wahlbergi vs. A. wahlbergii) or different Latin cases (e.g., Phyllonorycter cerasicolella vs. P. cerasicolellus); and 3) subspecies if the species was already listed for the tree species. In addition, insect species synonyms were identified, and subsequently removed, using the GBIF backbone taxonomy with the rGBIF R package (Chamberlain et al. 2017).
References
- Blackman, R. L., & Eastop, V. F. (1994). Aphids on the World’s Trees: an Identification and Information Guide. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Chamberlain, S., Ram, K., Barve, V., Mcglinn, D., & Chamberlain, M.S. (2017). Package ‘rgbif’. Interface to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility ‘API, 5, 0-9.
- De Jong, Y., Verbeek, M., Michelsen, V., de Place Bjørn, P., Los, W., Steeman, F., ... & Penev, L. (2014). Fauna Europaea–all European animal species on the web. Biodiversity Data Journal, (2): e4034. (doi:0.3897/BDJ.2.e4034)
- EPPO (2021). European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Global Database (available online). https://gd.eppo.int.
- García Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov, Y., Hardy N. B. (2016). ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. (available online) http://scalenet.info.
- Jendek, E., & Poláková, J. (2014). Host plants of the world Agrilus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae): A critical review. Springer Cham. 706 pp. (doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08410-7)
- Kunca, A., Csoka, G., & Zubril, M. (2013). Insects and diseases damaging trees and shrubs of Europe. N. A. P. Édition. 535 pp. (ISBN: 9782913668186)
- Liljeblad, J. (2021). Swedish species observation system. (available online) https://www.artdatabanken.se/, accessed: 2021.
- Pickering, J. (2011). Discover Life. http://www.discoverlife.org (available online) accessed: 2021.
- Robinson, G. S., Ackery, P. R., Kitching, I. J., Baccaloni, G. W., & Hernández, L. M. (2010). HOSTS – a database of the world’s Lepidopteran hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosts (available online) accessed: 2021.
- San-Miguel-Ayanz, J., de Rigo, D., Caudullo G., Houston Durrant, T., Mauri, A. eds. (2016). European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. European Commission.
- Smith, R. M., and D. B. Roy. (2008). Revealing the Foundations of Biodiversity: The Database of British Insects and their Foodplants. British Wildlife 20: 17–25.
- Turner, R., Blake, R., & Liebhold, A. M. (2021). International Non-native Insect Establishment Data (0.1)[Data set]. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/record/5245302#.Y0eYHOzMIad.