Data from: Theoretical model of impact mitigation mechanisms inherent to the North American bison skull
Data files
Oct 14, 2024 version files 42.78 MB
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Abstract
North American bison (Bovidae: Bison bison) incur blunt impacts to the interparietal and frontal bones when they engage in head-to-head fights. To investigate the impact mitigation of these bones, a finite element analysis (FEA) of the skull under loading conditions was performed. Based on anatomical and histological studies, the interparietal and frontal bones are both comprised of a combination of haversian and plexiform bone and are both underlain by bony septa. Additionally, the interparietal bone is thicker than the frontal bone. Data regarding the mechanical properties of bison bone are scarce, but the results of a phylogenetic analysis infer that the material properties of the closely-related domestic cow bone are a suitable proxy for use in the FEA. Results of the FEA suggest that the thickness of the interparietal bone in conjunction with the bony septa may prevent fracture stresses by helping to absorb and disperse the blunt impact energy throughout the skull. Monotonic stress levels of 294 MPa, which are below the compressive strength of bone were exhibited in the simulated bison head impacts indicating no fracture of the bones.
README: Theoretical Model of Impact Mitigation Mechanisms Inherent to the North American Bison Skull - CT Scans of Male North American Bison
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5dv41nsfp
Description of the data and file structure
Included are CT scans of a 4 year-old male bison skull. These CT scans were used to create a finite element model to investigate how impact energy is dispersed about the male bison skull during head-to-head combat. Results of the analyses suggest that bony septae that underlie the frontal and interparietal bones help to dissipate some of the energy. The experiments also suggest that when one bison strikes another at an angle (oblique impact) the strain energy produced is greater than that produced when the impact is between the interparietal or frontal bones of both bison.
The files associated with this dataset include each cross-section slice imaged of a 4 year-old male North American bison. These files can be opened with most Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) viewer software. Online, open source, DICOM viewers are available such as: IMAIOS DICOM Viewer (https://www.imaios.com/en/imaios-dicom-viewer).
When opened the files produce a 3D image of the skull that can be used to observe the bony anatomy or imported into software and meshed for finite element analysis.
The CT scan was performed at Premier Imaging in Starkville, MS USA.
Methods
This dataset includes computed tomography (CT) cross-section slices of a 4 year-old male North American bison housed in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at The University of California, Berkeley (Accssion Number MVZ Mamm 99970). The CT scans were taken at Premier Imaging in Starkville, MS, USA.