Adaptation and plasticity of yield in hybrid and inbred sorghum
Data files
Sep 26, 2024 version files 135.20 KB
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Otwani_et_al__raw_data_.xlsx
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README.md
Abstract
Local adaptation and genotype by environment (G×E) interactions affect the expression of phenotypes in crop species. An investigation on the interplay between adaptation and G×E on sorghum heterosis phenotypes is lacking. To address this question, a set of 112 diverse grain sorghum hybrids and their 22 inbred parents of local and exotic origins, representing the primary female and male heterotic groups, were tested in five contrasting sorghum growing environments across two years in Queensland, Australia. Plant height, days to flowering, seed yield, grain weight, and grain number were measured and used in the estimation of heterosis. Mid parent heterosis for yield ranged from -25 to 217% and was highly influenced by grain number. In contrast to observations in maize the magnitude of heterosis for yield was not associated with site mean. Striking differences were observed in heterosis in hybrids from locally developed inbred parents compared with hybrids that were developed from exotic inbred parents developed in other countries. Heterosis in the latter combination was higher on average across all the test environments for the majority of traits. We hypothesise maladaptive phenotypic plasticity in the exotic parents contributed to the observed differences in heterosis estimates. These data confirm that heterosis estimates in sorghum must be obtained and interpreted in relevant genetic and environmental contexts. Breeders in developing countries with low sorghum hybrid seed uptake will find these insights useful when selecting hybrids for broader adaptation, improving efficiency of their breeding programs.
README: Adaptation and Plasticity of Yield in Hybrid and Inbred Sorghum
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.69p8cz984
Data on Sorghum hybrids and their inbred parents across 5 environments. Six traits have been measured in ~ 100 hybrids and inbred parents.
Description of the data and file structure
Data is provided in raw format and may be used in studies on heterosis in sorghum. The data is provided in Excel format with multiple sheets, each location data in its own sheet. The name of the location is on the respective sheet. Another sheet named NOTES contains a description of the variables measured.
All the data is provided in raw format.
The experimental design is a row column design with two replication in all the locations. Check genotypes are designated as check/ commercial check (1,2 or 3)
Site is the location where the trial/experiment was planted.
Range: Is a design feature of the experiment synonymous to blocks
Rows : Are the units within ranges and represent the plots in the experiment. Each plot had four rows and data was collected from the two middle rows
ObsNo: Observation Number, is a sequential number, not part of trial design but just used to eyeball the data during curation.
Rep: Replication. Two replications were in each of the trial, it forms a feature of the experimental design.
Genotype: These are names of the lines/ seed types used in the experiment
Hybrid: this was used to designate genotypes as either pure lines or combinations of two lines. Hybrid, when it is a combination/cross of two lines and Line, when it is a pure line.
Females: Shows if a genotypes was used as a female parent in the cross
Males: Shows if the genotype was used as a male parent.
Sharing/Access information
Code/Software
Data analysis was implemented in the R environment, ASRemlR for models, GGplot2 for visualisation
Methods
These datasets were collected across 5 experimental sites in the Queensland soerghum growing belt in Australia (2001 - 2003). Raw data is provided.
Measured Variables
TRAIT | NAME |
HGT | Height from base to panicle tip |
FLAG HGT | height from base to flag leaf |
DFL | Days to 50% flowering |
LDG | Lodging score - stalk lodging |
Plot yield Kg/Ha | Yield in Kilograms per Hectare |
1000 seed weight | Weight of 1000 grains. |