Nectar robbing by bees affects the reproductive fitness of the distylous plant Tirpitzia sinensis (Linaceae)
Data files
Oct 12, 2023 version files 460.13 KB
-
1_nectar_robbing_rate1011.xls
-
10_pollen_production_and_pollen_quality_(male_fitness)_1011.xls
-
11_visit_frequency_of_hawkmoths_1011.xls
-
2_floral_traits_of_Tirpitzia_sinensis1011.xls
-
3_the_temporal_pattern_of_variation_in_nectar_volume_and_sugar_concentration_between_robbed_and_unrobbed_flowers_of_the_two_morphs(0800-2000)_1011.xls
-
4_chemical_compounds_tentatively_identified_1011.xls
-
5_nectar_sugar_composition_1011.xls
-
6_visit_rate_of_nectar_robbers_1011.xls
-
7_pollen_germination_(female_fitness)_1011.xls
-
8_pollen_tube_length_(female_fitness)_1011.xls
-
9_seed_set_(female_fitness)1011.xls
-
README.md
Abstract
Nectar robbing can affect plant reproductive success directly by influencing female and male fitness, and indirectly by affecting pollinator behavior. Flowers have morphological and chemical features that may protect them from nectar robbers. Previous studies on nectar robbing have focused mainly on homotypic plants. It remains unclear how nectar robbing affects the reproductive success of distylous plants, and whether defense strategies of two morphs are different. Nectar robbing rates on the long- and short- styled morph (L-morph, S-morph) of the distylous Tirpitzia sinensis were investigated. We compared floral traits, the temporal pattern of change in nectar volume and sugar concentration, nectar secondary metabolites and sugar composition between robbed and unrobbed flowers of two morphs. We tested direct effects of nectar robbing on female and male components of plant fitness and the indirect effects of nectar robbing via pollinators. Nectar robbing rates did not differ between the two morphs. Flowers with smaller sepals and petals were more easily robbed. The floral tube diameter and thickness were greater in L-morphs than in S-morphs, and the nectar rob holes were significantly smaller in L-morphs than in S-morphs. Nectar robbing significantly decreased nectar replenishment rate but did not affect nectar sugar concentration or sugar composition. After robbery the quantities and diversity of secondary compounds in the nectar of S-morphs increased significantly and the total relative contents of secondary compounds in L-morphs showed no obvious changes. Nectar robbing could decrease female fitness by decreasing pollen germination and thus decreasing seed set. Nectar robbing had no significant effects on male fitness. Robbed flowers were less likely to be visited by hawkmoth pollinators, especially in S-morphs. These results suggest that nectar robbing could directly and indirectly decrease the female fitness of T. sinensis, and different morphs have evolved different defense mechanisms in response to nectar robbing pressure.
README
This README file was generated on 2023-10-12 by Xiaoyue Wang.
GENERAL INFORMATION
- Title of Dataset: Nectar robbing by bees affects the reproductive fitness of the distylous plant Tirpitzia sinensis (Linaceae)
- Author Information
A. Principal Investigator Contact Information
<br>
Name: Xiaoyue Wang
Institution: Guizhou Normal University Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China Email: Wang.xiaoyue1989@163.com <br> B. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Renxiu Yao Institution: Guizhou Normal University Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China Email: 1660604198@qq.com Name: Xiaoqin Lv Institution: Guizhou Normal University Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China Email: 2388571945@qq.com Name: Yin Yi Institution: Guizhou Normal University Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China Email: gzklppdr@gznu.edu.cn Name: Xiaoxin Tang Institution: Guizhou Normal University Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China Email: 365397245@qq.com - Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2021-2022
- Geographic location of data collection: Malipo county, Yunnan province, China
- Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: National Natural Science Foundation of China (32360262, 31901208); The Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou Province(U1812401); The Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province (2019/1237); and new seeding plants project of Guizhou Normal University (grant No. 2020).
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
- Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain
- Links to publications that cite or use the data: <br> Wang, Xiaoyue et al. (Forthcoming 2023). Nectar robbing by bees affects the reproductive fitness of the distylous plant Tirpitzia sinensis (Linaceae). Ecology and Evolution.
- Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
- Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
- Was data derived from another source? No A. If yes, list source(s): NA
- Recommended citation for this dataset:
Wang, X.Y, Yao R.X., Lv, X.Q, Yi, Y, Tang, X.X. (Forthcoming 2023). Data from: Nectar robbing by bees affects the reproductive fitness of the distylous plant Tirpitzia sinensis (Linaceae). Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.6hdr7sr62
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
File List:
nectar robbing rate 1011 .xls
floral traits of Tirpitzia sinensis 1011 .xls
the temporal pattern of variation in nectar volume and sugar concentration between robbed and unrobbed flowers of the two morphs(0800-2000) 1011 .xls
chemical compounds tentatively identified 1011 .xls
nectar sugar composition 1011 .xls
visit rate of nectar robbers 1011 .xls
pollen germination (female fitness) 1011 .xls
pollen tube length (female fitness) 1011 .xls
seed set (female fitness)1011 .xls
pollen production and pollen quality (male fitness) 1011 .xls
visit frequency of hawkmoths 1011 .xls
Relationship between files, if important: None
Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No
A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA
i. Why was the file updated? NA
ii. When was the file updated? NA
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: nectar robbing rate 1011. xls
these data was used to compare the nectar robbing rate between the Long- styled morph (hereafter L- morph ) and Short- styled morph (hereafter S- morph).
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 180
- Variable List:
- nectar robbing rate (%): the natural nectar robbing rate between L- and S- morphs in wild populations.
- L-morph(1) S-morph(2): L-morph was replaced with 1, S- morph was replaced with 2.
- population: there were three populations where data collected.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: floral traits of Tirpitzia sinensis 1011. xls
these data was used to compare floral traits between the robbed and unrobbed flowers of the L- and S- morphs.
- Number of variables: 17
- Number of cases/rows: 120
- Variable List:
- flower length(mm): the flower length of Tirpitzia sinensis
- flower width(mm): the flower width of Tirpitzia sinensis
- petal length(mm): the petal length of Tirpitzia sinensis
- petal width(mm): the petal width of Tirpitzia sinensis
- tube depth(mm): the floral tube depth of Tirpitzia sinensis
- tube diameter(mm): the floral tube diameter of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Opening diameter (mm): the floral opening diameter of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Pistil length(mm): the pistil length of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Stamen length(mm): the stamen length of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Sepal length(mm): the sepal length of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Sepal width(mm): the sepal width of Tirpitzia sinensis
- Tube thickness(mm): the floral tube thickness of Tirpitzia sinensis
- unrobded flower (1) robbed flower (2): the unrobbed flower was replaced with 1, the robbed flower was replaced with 2.
- L- morph (1) S- morph (2) (floral trait) : the comparison of flowers traits between L- and S- morphs. the L- morph was replaced with 1, the S- morph was replaced with 2.
- Nectar rob hole length(mm): the nectar rob hole length of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Nectar rob hole width(mm): the nectar rob hole width of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2) (nectar rob hole): the comparison of nectar rob hole between L- and S- morphs. the L- morph was replaced with 1, the S- morph was replaced with 2.
- Missing data codes: NA (data not available)
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: the temporal pattern of variation in nectar volume and sugar concentration between robbed and unrobbed flowers of the two morphs(0800-2000) 1011. xls
These are the data used to determine the temporal patterns of nectar availability.
- Number of variables: 10
- Number of cases/rows: 305
- Variable List:
- nectar volume (mL): the nectar volume of Tirpitzia sinensis
- treated time for nectar volume: the time when we measured the nectar volume. 0800 h was replaces with 1, 1100 h was replaces with 2, 1400 h was replaces with 3 , 1700 h was replaces with 4 and 2000 h was replaces with 5.
- unrobbed flower(1) robbed flower (2) for nectar volume: the comparison of the nectar volume between unrobbed flower robbed flower. the unrobbed flower was replaced with 1, the robbed flower was replaced with 2.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2) for nectar volume: the comparison of nectar volume between L- and S- morphs. the L- morph was replaced with 1, the S- morph was replaced with 2.
- nectar sugar concentration (%): the nectar sugar concentration of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- treated time for nectar sugar concentration: the time when we measured the nectar sugar concentration. 0800 h was replaces with 1, 1100 h was replaces with 2, 1400 h was replaces with 3 , 1700 h was replaces with 4 and 2000 h was replaces with 5.
- unrobbed flower(1) robbed flower (2) for nectar sugar concentration: the comparison of the nectar sugar concentration between unrobbed flower robbed flower. the unrobbed flower was replaced with 1, the robbed flower was replaced with 2.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2) for nectar sugar concentration: the comparison of nectar sugar concentration between L- and S- morphs. the L- morph was replaced with 1, the S- morph was replaced with 2.
- number: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. the different number present the different time. 0800 h was replaces with 1, 1100 h was replaces with 2, 1400 h was replaces with 3 , 1700 h was replaces with 4 and 2000 h was replaces with 5.
- treated time: the time when we measured the nectar volume and sugar concentration.
- Missing data codes: NA (data not applicable)
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None.
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: chemical compounds tentatively identified 1011.xls
these data showed all the chemical compounds tentatively identified in the nectar of robbed and unrobbed flowers of the L- and S- morphs in Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Number of variables: 7
- Number of cases/rows: 221
- Variable List:
- Category: These components could be divided into 10 different types: terpenoids (72 chemical compounds), alkaloids (32 compounds), flavonoids (29 compounds), glycosides (25 compounds), phenylpropanoids (19 compounds), steroids (18 compounds), fatty acids (16 compounds), alcohols (3 compounds), aldehydes (5 compounds) and phenanthrenes (2 compounds).
- Compounds: the English name of the chemical compounds.
- Chemical formula: the chemical formula of the chemical compounds.
- Response value for unrobbed L-morph: the response value of the chemical compounds of the nectar from unrobbed flowers in L- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Response value for robbed L-morph: the response value of the chemical compounds of the nectar from robbed flowers in L- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Response value for unrobbed S-morph: the response value of the chemical compounds of the nectar from unrobbed flowers in S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Response value for robbed S-morph: the response value of the chemical compounds of the nectar from robbed flowers in S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
the number of samples (n) in which each compound was found in floral nectar (5 in total) was listed in the parenthesis. "/" means that the chemical compound was not detected in the sample.
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: nectar sugar composition 1011.xls
the data showed that the nectar sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose) contents (g/mL) of the L- and S- morphs in Tirpitzia sinensis from flowers with obvious rob holes and flowers from undamaged flowers.
- Number of variables: 6
- Number of cases/rows: 37
- Variable List:
- fructose: the fructose contents (g/mL) in the nectar.
- glucose: the glucose contents (g/mL) in the nectar.
- sucrose: the glucose contents (g/mL) in the nectar.
- unrobbed L- morph (1) robbed L-morph (2) unrobbed S-morph (3) robbed S-morph (4): the comparison of nectar sugar contents among different treatments. unrobbed L- morph was replaced with 1. robbed L-morph was replaced with unrobbed S-morph. unrobbed S-morph was replaced with 3. robbed S-morph was replaced with 4.
- unrobbed (1) robbed (2): the comparison of nectar sugar contents between Tirpitzia sinensis flowers with obvious rob holes (robbed) and flowers from undamaged flowers (unrobbed). unrobbed was replaced with 1. robbed was replaced with 2.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2): the comparison of nectar sugar contents between L- and S- morph in Tirpitzia sinensis. L- morph was replaced with 1. S- morph was replaced with 2.
- Missing data codes: NA (data not available)
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: visit rate of nectar robbers 1011.xls
The data showed the visit rate of nectar robbers Bombus breviceps and Xylocopa sinensis to L- and S- morphs in Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 92
- Variable List:
- visit rates: the visit rates of nectar robbers.
- Bombus breviceps(1) Xylocopa sinensis(2): the nectar robber in Tirpitzia sinensis: Bombus breviceps and Xylocopa sinensis. Bombus breviceps was replaced with 1. Xylocopa sinensis was replaced with 2.
- S-morph (1) L-morph (2): the comparison of visit rates to S- and L- morphs. the S- morph was replaced with 1. the L- morph was replaced with 2.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: pollen germination (female fitness) 1011.xls
the data showed the pollen germination rate (%) under intermorph pollination, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal in both L- and S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 169
- Variable List:
- pollen germination rate(%): the pollen germination rate (%) of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- intermorph pollination (1) intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes (2) intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal (3): the comparison of pollen germination rate among different pollination treatments. intermorph pollination was replaced with 1. intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes was replaced with 2. intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal was replaced with 3.
- L- morph (1) S- morph (2): the comparison of pollen germination rate between L- and S- morph. L- morph was replaced with 1. S- morph was replaced with 2.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: pollen tube length (female fitness) 1011.xls
the data showed the pollen tube length under intermorph pollination, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal in both L- and S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 179
- Variable List:
- pollen tube length (mm): pollen tube length (mm) of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- intermorph pollination (1) intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes (2) intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal (3): the comparison of pollen tube length among different pollination treatments. intermorph pollination was replaced with 1. intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes was replaced with 2. intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal was replaced with 3.
- L- morph (1) S- morph (2): the comparison of pollen tube length between L- and S- morph. L- morph was replaced with 1. S- morph was replaced with 2.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: seed set (female fitness)1011.xls
the data showed the seed set (female fitness) under control, naturally robbed, intermorph pollination, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes, intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal in both L- and S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- Number of variables: 5
- Number of cases/rows: 412
- Variable List:
- seed set(%): the seed set (%) of Tirpitzia sinensis
- treatments: the different pollination treatments.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2): the comparison of seed set between L- and S- morphs. L-morph was replaced with 1. S-morph was replaced with 2.
- number: 1,2,3,4,5. the number represents different pollination treatments. 1= control, 2 = naturally robbed, 3 = intermorph pollination, 4 = intermorph pollination of pollen recipients with rob holes, 5 = intermorph pollination of pollen recipients after nectar removal.
- the meaning for treatments: the different pollination treatments.
- Missing data codes: NA (data not available)
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: pollen production and pollen quality (male fitness) 1011.xls
the data showed the pollen production of normal buds and buds with obvious nectar rob holes, and the seed set under control, intermorph pollination, intermorph pollination by robbed pollen donors in both L- and S- morph of Tirpitzia sinensis.
This dataset was used to create Figure 3.
- Number of variables: 8
- Number of cases/rows: 252
- Variable List:
- number of pollen grains: the number of pollen grains of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- control(1) with rob hole (2): the comparison of number of pollen grains between normal buds (control) and buds with rob hole. the control was replaced with 1. the buds with rob hole was replaced with 2.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2) for number of pollen grains: the comparison of number of pollen grains between L- and S- morphs. L-morph was replaced with 1. S-morph was replaced with 2.
- seed set(%): the seed set (%) of Tirpitzia sinensis.
- treatments: different pollination treatments.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2) for seed set: the comparison of seed set between L- and S- morphs. L-morph was replaced with 1. S-morph was replaced with 2.
- number: 1,2,3. the number represents different pollination treatments. 1 = control, 2 = intermorph pollination, 3 = intermorph pollination by robbed pollen donors
- the meaning for treatments: the different pollination treatments.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: visit frequency of hawkmoths 1011.xls
this data showed the visit frequency of hawkmoths (%) to unrobbed flower and robbed flower of Tirpitzia sinensis in L- and S- morph.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 54
- Variable List:
- visit frequency of hawkmoths (%): the visit frequency of hawkmoths (%) to *Tirpitzia sinensis lowers
- unrobbed flower (1) robbed flower (2): the comparison of visit frequency of hawkmoths to unrobbed flower and robbed flower. the unrobbed flower was replaced with 1 and the robbed flower was replaced with 2.
- L-morph (1) S-morph (2): the comparison of visit frequency of hawkmoths to L-morph and S-morph. L-morph was replaced with 1 and S-morph was replaced 2.
- Missing data codes: NA (not applicable)
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
Methods
We collected the floral traits, the temporal pattern of change in nectar volume and sugar concentration, bee nectar robbing behavior, hawkmoth preference, female fitness, male fitness, nectar samples in the field. The nectar secondary metabolites and sugar composition were analyzed with Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometers and High performance Liquid Chromatography respectively.