Acute intoxication with organophosphates (OPs) can trigger status epilepticus followed by persistent cognitive impairment and/or electroencephalographic abnormalities. Neuroinflammation is widely posited to influence these persistent neurological consequences. However, testing this hypothesis has been challenging, in part because traditional biometrics preclude longitudinal measures of neuroinflammation within the same animal. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of non-invasive positron emission tomography (PET), using the translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand [18F]PBR111 against classic histopathologic measures of neuroinflammation in a preclinical model of acute intoxication with the OP diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Adult male Sprague Dawley rats administered pyridostigmine bromide (0.1 mg/kg, im) 30 min prior to administration of DFP (4 mg/kg, sc), atropine sulfate (2 mg/kg, im) and 2-pralidoxime (25 mg/kg, im) exhibited moderate-to-severe seizure behavior. TSPO PET performed prior to DFP exposure and at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-exposure (DPE) revealed distinct lesions, as defined by increased standardized uptake values (SUV). Increased SUV showed high spatial correspondence to immunohistochemical evidence of neuroinflammation, which was corroborated by cytokine gene and protein expression. Regional SUV metrics varied spatiotemporally with DPE and correlated with the degree of neuroinflammation detected immunohistochemically. Furthermore, SUV metrics were highly correlated with seizure severity, suggesting that early termination of OP-induced seizures may be critical for attenuating subsequent neuroinflammatory responses. Normalization of SUV values to a cerebellar reference region improved correlations to all outcome measures and seizure severity. Collectively, these results establish TSPO PET using [18F]PBR111 as a robust, non-invasive tool for longitudinal monitoring of neuroinflammation following acute OP intoxication.
Anatomic_T2w_MRI_DFP&Vehicle
This .zip file contains T2-weighted MRI scans used for anatomic registration of the corresponding PET data sets. Data is stored in Analyze format. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
AnatomicT2wMRI.zip
18FPBR111PET_01of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_02of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_03of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_04of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_05of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_06of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_07of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_08of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_09of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_10of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_11of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_12of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_13of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_14of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_15of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
18FPBR111PET_16of16
This .zip file, one of sixteen parts (see file name), contains dynamic PET scans of DFP or vehicle exposed rats. Data is stored in raw format (4 byte little endian float) with image parameters stored within a header file. Additional information for each animal (eg: treatment, injected radiotracer dose, weight) can be found in the meta data spreadsheet.
Scan_Meta_Data_Spreadsheet
This .csv file contains details required for analysis and interpretation of [18F]PBR111 PET data. Specifically: treatment group, animal weight at the time of scanning, and injected radiotracer dose.
LuminexResultsHippocampusPiriformCortex_PCRResults
This .xlsx file contains results from multiplex immunoassays for cytokine protein levels and PCR assessment of cytokine gene expression. Data sets are differentiated by the naming of spreadsheet tabs. The associated README file contains information regarding materials and methods.
