Morphology, behavior, and phylogenomics of Oxytoxum lohmannii
Data files
Sep 21, 2024 version files 42.34 MB
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concatenated_multiprotein_alignment.zip
1.72 MB
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Oxytoxum_lohmannii_peptide_transcriptome_assemblies.zip
40.32 MB
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README.md
837 B
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single_gene_trees.zip
296.74 KB
Abstract
Dinoflagellates are an abundant and diverse group of protists representing a wealth of unique biology and ecology. While many dinoflagellates are photosynthetic or mixotrophic, many taxa are heterotrophs, often with complex feeding strategies. Compared to their photosynthetic counterparts, heterotrophic dinoflagellates remain understudied, as they are difficult to culture. One exception, a long-cultured isolate originally classified as Amphidinium but recently reclassified as Oxytoxum, has been the subject of a number of feeding, growth, and chemosensory studies. This lineage was recently determined to be closely related to Prorocentrum using phylogenetics of ribosomal RNA gene sequences, but the exact nature of this relationship remains unresolved. Using transcriptomes sequenced from culture and three single cells from the environment, we produce a robust phylogeny of 242 genes, revealing Oxytoxum is likely sister to the Prorocentrum clade, rather than nested within it. Molecular investigations uncover evidence of a reduced, non-photosynthetic plastid and proteorhodopsin, a photoactive proton pump acquired horizontally from bacteria. We describe the ultrastructure of O. lohmannii, including densely packed trichocysts, and a new type of mucocyst. We observe that O. lohmannii feeds preferentially on cryptophytes using myzocytosis, but can also feed on various phytoflagellates using conventional phagocytosis. O. lohmannii is amenable to culture, providing an opportunity to better study heterotrophic dinoflagellate biology and feeding ecology.
README: Morphology, behavior, and phylogenomics of Oxytoxum lohmannii
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9zw3r22pp
Files containing sequence, phylogenomic, and video data for O. lohmannii.
Description of the data and file structure
Dryad-stored material consists of:
A zipped folder containing all peptide single-cell transcriptome assemblies:
- Oxytoxum_lohmannii_peptide_transcriptome_assemblies.zip
A zipped folder containing *.contree files that can be viewed in FigTree v.1.4.4:
- single_gene_trees.zip
A zipped fasta file of the concatenated alignment used to make the multi-protein phylogeny:
- concatenated_multiprotein_alignment.fasta.zip
A zipped file containing three videos of wild-isolated cells collected for single-cell transcriptomics:
- O_lohmannii_wild_cell_videos.zip