Biotic and abiotic factors and the phylogenetic structure of extinction in the evolution of Tethysuchia
Data files
Feb 05, 2024 version files 1.08 MB
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README.md
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Supplementary_File_4.pdf
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Supplementary_File_6.pdf
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Supplementary_File_7.pdf
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Supplementary_File_8.pdf
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Supplementary_File_9.pdf
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Abstract
Crocodylomorpha is a large and diverse clade with a long evolutionary history now restricted to modern crocodylians. Tethysuchia is a less-inclusive clade of semi-amphibious taxa that crossed two biological crises: the second Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 2) and the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) Crisis. Numerous studies have sought to find the driving factors explaining crocodylomorph evolution producing contradictory conclusions. Studies of included groups may be useful. Here, we study factors driving tethysuchian evolution using phylogenetically informed statistical analyses. First, we tested the phylogenetic structure of tethysuchian extinction at the OAE 2 and K/Pg crises. We then used phylogenetic comparative methods to test the influence of intrinsic (body size, snout proportion) and extrinsic (temperature, paleolatitude) factors on the evolution of tethysuchian diversity at the OAE 2 and the K/Pg crises. Finally, we tested whether temperature influenced the evolution of body size. We conclude that (1) extinction was not random in regards to phylogeny for Tethysuchia at the OAE 2 and K/Pg crises; (2) while an important tethysuchian turnover follows OAE 2, the K/Pg crisis was followed by an explosion in diversity of tethysuchians, probably linked to the colonization of emptied ecological niches; (3) tethysuchians lived in warmer environments after the OAE 2 crisis, possibly because of both global warming and latitude distribution shifts; (4) there is a significant change of snout proportion after the OAE 2 and the K/Pg crises, likely caused by niche partitioning; and (5) there is a positive correlation between body size and temperature, possibly because of a longer growth season
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bnzs7h4j3
Supplementary File 1 contains all of the raw bibliographical data for each Tethysuchia species in our sample (36 species of extinct Tethysuchia). The associated bibliography is also provided.
Supplementary File 2 contains all of the alternative topologies used for the analyses in the following order : Jouve 2, Sachs 1 and Sachs 2.
Supplementary File 3 contains the R script for all analyses.
Supplementary File 4 contains the age range tables with varying samples used to generate the nexus files. The tables are presented in the following order : Jouve age range and Sachs age range.
Supplementary File 5 contains all of the generated nexus files, which are used for all further analyses. The nexus files are presented in the following order : Jouve 1, Jouve 2, Sachs 1 and Sachs 2.
Supplementary File 6 contains all data used to test the phylogenetic distribution of Tethysuchia extinction at OAE 2 and K/Pg crises across the phylogeny using D-statistic. The tables are presented in the following order : Jouve 1 and 2 at OAE 2, Sachs 1 and 2 at OAE 2, Jouve 1 and 2 at K/Pg and Sachs 1 and 2 at K/Pg.
Supplementary File 7 contains all data used for testing the influence of biologic and climatic factors on Tethysuchia survival after OAE 2 and K/Pg crises using Phylogenetic Logistic Regression (PLR). The tables are presented in the following order : Jouve 1 and 2 at OAE 2, Jouve 1 and 2 at OAE 2 using the alternative coding, Sachs 1 and 2 at OAE 2, Sachs 1 and 2 at OAE 2 using the alternative coding, Jouve 1 and 2 at K/Pg, Jouve 1 and 2 at K/Pg using the alternative coding, Sachs 1 and 2 at K/Pg and Sachs 1 and 2 at K/Pg using the lternative coding.
Supplementary File 8 contains all data used for testing the relationship between body size (through skull length) and paleotemperature using the Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares (PGLS). The tables are presented in the following order : Jouve Tethysuchia sample, Sachs Tethysuchia sample, Jouve Tethysuchia sample using the alternative coding, Sachs Tethysuchia sample using the alternative coding, Jouve Pholidosauridae sample, Sachs Pholidosauridae sample, Jouve Pholidosauridae sample using the alternative coding, Sachs Pholidosauridae sample using the alternative coding, Jouve Dyrosauroidea sample and Sachs Dyrosauroidea sample.
Supplementary File 9 contains all data used for testing the relative influence of ecology (through paleolatitude and paleotemperature), phylogeny, or the combination of both on body size variation (through skull length) using the variation partitioning method. The tables are presented in the following order : paleotemperature with Jouve sample, paleolatitude with Jouve sample, paleotemperature with Sachs sample, paleolatitude with Sachs sample, paleotemperature with Jouve sample using the alternative coding, paleolatitude with Jouve sample using the alternative coding, paleotemperature with Sachs sample using the alternative coding and paleolatitude with Sachs sample using the alternative coding.
Supplementary File 10 contains all of the results tables which are not presented in the main document. The results are presented in the following order : PLR results obtained with the alternative coding, PGLS results obtained with the alternative coding, AICc results obtained with the alternative coding and variation partitioning results obtained with the alternative coding