Data from: Mitigating acid sulfate soil development in sediment addition projects through application of sediment amendments
Data files
Jan 28, 2025 version files 110.64 KB
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FieldExperimentData.csv
21.37 KB
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LabExperimentData.csv
84.67 KB
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README.md
4.60 KB
Abstract
Sediment addition is an increasingly common strategy to promote coastal resilience where sediment is added to salt marsh surfaces to increase elevation and prevent marsh loss. Added sediments are typically dredged materials from marine environments that may become acidic when exposed to air because of their high reduced sulfide levels, known as potential acid sulfate soils (PASS). Low soil pH inhibits plant growth and can delay ecosystem recovery after sediment addition. We used a laboratory soil core experiment to evaluate how a range of amendments altered pH (mulch, crushed shells, pelletized lime, and recycled concrete), and a field study to examine the effects of recycled concrete. We found both shells (7.46 ± 0.22; mean ± std dev) and concrete (laboratory: 8.24 ± 0.32; field: 8.15 ± 0.55) increased pH relative to adding unamended sediment (laboratory: 7.33 ± 0.35; field: 7.21 ± 0.45). Environmental context is likely important for sediment additions and even PASS may not become acidic in flooded, low marsh environments. Under more oxidized conditions, particularly in higher-elevation marsh or when deeper layers of sediment are added, recycled concrete or crushed shells are potential amendments to neutralize acidity. Sediment amendments may also affect other ecosystem responses, including water chemistry and greenhouse gas emissions. We found that concrete amendments lowered ferrous iron concentrations and decreased carbon dioxide emissions compared to adding unamended sediment. Additional testing of amendments under diverse environmental conditions and at field scales would further our understanding of the effectiveness and feasibility of amending soils during sediment additions.
README: Data from: Mitigating acid sulfate soil development in sediment addition projects through application of sediment amendments
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f4qrfj75s
NA values were left blank in the csv files, and import into RStudio as NAs.
Description of the data and file structure
Files and variables
File: LabExperimentData.csv
Description: In the csv file there are 11 columns, described below
Core_Lysimeter - The core replicate, and the lysimeter level.
Date – The date the sample was taken
Week – The week of the experiment.
Lysimeter – Identifies of the sample came from the upper or lower lysimeter, where 1 is the upper lysimeter in the added sediment, and 2 is the lower lysimeter in the native sediment
Core_Number – The name of each core, where RC stands for Concrete, D for Dredge, CS for crushed shells, I for mulch, C for control, and L for pelletized lime. Numbers 1-7 represent the replicate number.
Treatment – The treatment the sample was taken from.
pH – The pH of the sample, analyzed using a benchtop pH met
Ferrous_Iron – The concentration of Ferrous Iron in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.02032309. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit.
Test.name - The name of the test conducted in the Thermofisher GalleryPlus.
C_H4 - The flux of methane in µmol m-2 s-1 coming from the core measured using a Picarro on 10/13/2021
CO2 – The flux of carbon dioxide in µmol m-2 s-1 coming from the core measured using a Picarro 10/13/2021File: FieldExperimentData.csv
File: FieldExperimentData.csv
Description: In the csv file there are 22 columns, described below.
Variables
Vial – The name of the vessel the water was collected, transported and stored in.
Month – The month the sample was taken
Day – The day the sample was taken
Year – The year the sample was taken
Analyte – The analysis of interest for the sample
Bucket-Date – A unique identifier that specifies the bucket replicate, and date the sample was taken at that bucket.
Bucket – The name of each bucket, where C stands for Concrete, D for Dredge, and numbers 1-5 represent the replicate number.
Treatment – The treatment in the bucket, where C stands for Concrete, and D for Dredge.
Number – The replicate number of the bucket.
Lysimeter_Pushpoint – Identifies the sampling method, where 1 is a lysimeter in the upper horizon, and 2 is a pushpoint sampler.
Notes – Any relevant comments for the sample/bucket.
pH – The pH of the sample, analyzed using a benchtop pH meter.
Date - The date the sample was taken
Result_unit – The unit for the analyte of interest, if relevant
TON_EnZ – The total nitrate in the sample using an enzymatic method with theThermoFisher GalleryPlus. The maximum detection limit was 0.018725 mg/L in 2022 and anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. We did not run for nitrate in 2023 because everything was at or below detection in 2022.
Test_Name – The name of the test conducted in the Thermofisher GalleryPlus.
Ammonium_mgL – The concentration of ammonium in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.022565589 mg/L in 2022 and 0.02330481 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit.
FerrousFe_mgL - The concentration of Ferrous Iron in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.04876027 mg/L in 2022 and 0.03023354 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit.
Sulfide_mgL - The concentration of sulfide in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.0339 mg/L in 2022 and 0.0339 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit.
Phophate_mgL - The concentration of phosphate in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.004471 mg/L in 2022 and 0.005282 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit.
Cond_37C – The conductivity of the sample, using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus.
BucketYear - The bucket number and year.
Code/software
No software is needed to view the data. Statistical analyses for the manuscript were performed in R version 4.3.2 (R Core Team 2023).
Access information
Other publicly accessible locations of the data:
- N/A
Data was derived from the following sources:
- N/A
Methods
LabExperimentData
The lab experiment data csv contains the data used for the analysis of a soil core experiment conducted at the Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Storrs CT in the fall of 2021. The experiment tested the efficacy of recycled concrete, crushed shells, pelletized lime, and mulch as soil amendments to increase pH for sediment addition projects where acid sulfate soils are a concern. The dredge treatment had no added amendment, and acted as a control of sediment amendments, and the control treatment had no added amendment or sediment and acted as a control of sediment addition, and amendments.
There were 42 soil cores total, 7 replicates of each treatment/control.
FieldExperimentData
The field experiment data csv contains the data used for the analysis of a modified bucket experiment installed at Great Meadows Marsh, Stratford CT May 2022-November 2023. The experiment tested the efficacy of crushed recycled concrete as a soil amendment to increase pH for sediment addition projects where acid sulfate soils are a concern. The dredge treatment had no added amendment, and acted as the control.
There were 10 buckets total, 5 of each treatment/control, spaced half a meter apart adjacent to a tidal creek.