Data from: The potential of undersown species identity vs. diversity to manage disease in crops
Data files
Apr 29, 2024 version files 400 KB
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README.md
8.36 KB
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Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_1.csv
20.68 KB
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Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_2.csv
20.64 KB
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Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_microbial_community.csv
22.19 KB
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TWINWIN_2020_disease.csv
325.77 KB
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TWINWIN_2020_yield.csv
2.37 KB
Abstract
In the absence of chemical control with its negative side effects, fungal pathogens can cause large yield losses, requiring us to develop agroecosystems that are inherently disease resistant. Grassland biodiversity experiments often find plant species diversity to reduce pathogen pressure, but whether incorporating high biodiversity levels in agricultural fields have similar effects remains largely unknown.
We tested if undersown plant species diversity could reduce barley disease, and whether the effect was mediated through above- or belowground mechanisms, by combining an agricultural field trial with a soil transplant experiment.
As predicted, barley disease decreased in the presence of undersown plants. Undersown species richness had no effect, but their abundance led to early season disease reduction. Aboveground mechanisms underpinned this disease reduction. Barley yield slightly decreased with increasing undersown species richness, and undersown species varied in their impact on yield.
We identified two undersown species, Trifolium repens and T. hybridum, that contributed most to disease reduction and had the potential to increase barley yield. Furthermore, our results indicate that aboveground mechanisms caused this. We show that agroecosystem functioning can be improved without trade-offs on yield by targeted selection of undersown species.
README: Data for: The potential of undersown species identity vs. diversity to manage disease in crops
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gtht76hvc
The following datasets were used for the analyses presented in the manuscript "The potential of undersown species identity vs. diversity to manage disease in crops" by Seraina L. Cappelli, Luiz A. Domeignoz Horta, Stephanie Gerin, Jussi Heinonsalo, Annalea Lohila, Krista Raveala, Bernhard Schmid, Rashmi Shrestha, Mikko J. Tiusanen, Paula Thitz, Anna-Liisa Laine, published in Functional Ecology in 2024
-TWINWIN_2020_disease.csv
-TWINWIN_2020_yield.csv
-Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_1.csv
-Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_2.csv
-Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_microbial_community.csv
Description of the data and file structure
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# TWINWIN_2020_disease.csv #
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This datasets contains the damage data of the barley plant leaves in the TWINWIN experiment assessed in mid July 2020.
Variables:
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block unique TWINWIN block ID (1-4)
plot unique TWINWIN plot ID (1-60)
full_treatment treatment code. Combination of species richness (D0, D1, D2, D4, D8) and undersown species abbreviations (see below). Barefallows: BF, herbicide treatment: H
richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plot: 0, 1, 2, 4, 8
functional_diversity Functional diversity: number of unique functional groups (combination of functional traits): 1-4
herbicide Herbicide treatment: 0, 1
undersowing Undersowing: 0, 1 (undersown species richness 0 or >0)
IR_p Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) presence
TG_p Phleum pratense (Timoty grass) presence
AC_p Trifolium hybridum (Alsike clover) presence
WC_p Trifolium repens (White clover) presence
AA_p Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) presence
RC_p Trifolium pratense (Red clover) presence
FA_p Festuca arundinacea presence
CI_p Cichorium intybus presence
IR_a Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) relative abundance
TG_a Phleum pratense (Timoty grass) relative abundance
AC_a Trifolium hybridum (Alsike clover) relative abundance
WC_a Trifolium repens (White clover) relative abundance
AA_a Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) relative abundance
RC_a Trifolium pratense (Red clover) relative abundance
FA_a Festuca arundinacea relative abundance
CI_a Cichorium intybus relative abundance
individual Individual ID
leaf_position Indicator of leaf age based on whether the surveyed leaf was the highest, second highest or third highest fully expanded leave (1-3)
damage Damage categories:
- 0: 0% leaf area damaged
- 1: 1-10% leaf area damaged
- 2: 10-25% leaf area damaged
- 3: 25-50% leaf area damaged
- 4: 50-100% leaf area damaged
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# TWINWIN_2020_yield.csv #
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This datasets contains the 2020 barley yield data of the TWINWIN experiment.
Variables:
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block unique TWINWIN block ID (1-4)
plot unique TWINWIN plot ID (1-60)
full_treatment treatment code. Combination of species richness (D0, D1, D2, D4, D8) and undersown species abbreviations (see below). Barefallows: BF, herbicide treatment: H
treatment simplified treatments: BF, D0, D0H, D1IR, D1TG, D1AC, D1WC, D1AA, D1RC, D1FA, D1CI, D2 (grouped), D4 (grouped), D8
richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plot: 0, 1, 2, 4, 8
functional_diversity Functional diversity: number of unique functional groups (combination of functional traits): 1-4
herbicide Herbicide treatment: 0, 1
undersowing Undersowing: 0, 1 (undersown species richness 0 or >0)
yield Barley yield [tn/ha]
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# Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_1.csv #
# Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_disease_time_2.csv #
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Those two datasets contain the damage data of the barley plant leaves that were grown in pots. The dataset for time 1 was from early July 2020, the data set for time 2 was from early August 2020.
Variables:
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pot Pot Number 1-5 (5 pots per environment x soil combination)
plot Unique TWINWIN plot number. Plot in which the pot was placed.
environment Treatment of the plot in which the pot was placed:
- D0: Barley alone
- D1AC: Barley + Trifolium hybridum
- D1AA: Barley + Medicago sativa
- D1IR: Barley + Lolium multiflorum
- D1FA: Barley + Festuca arundinacea
- D4: Barley + T. hybridum, M.sativa, L. multiflorum, F. arundinacea
- D8: Barley + all 8 TWINWIN species
soil Treatment of the plots from which the soil in the pot originated:
- D0: Barley alone
- D1AC: Barley + Trifolium hybridum
- D1AA: Barley + Medicago sativa
- D1IR: Barley + Lolium multiflorum
- D1FA: Barley + Festuca arundinacea
- D4: Barley + T. hybridum, M.sativa, L. multiflorum, F. arundinacea
- D8: Barley + all 8 TWINWIN species
environment_richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plot in which the pot was placed: 0, 1, 4, 8
soil_origin_richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plots from which the soil in the pot originated: 0, 1, 4, 8
leaf_position Indicator of leaf age based on whether the surveyed leaf was the highest, second highest or third highest fully expanded leave (1-3)
damage Damage categories:
- 0: 0% leaf area damaged
- 1: 1-10% leaf area damaged
- 2: 10-25% leaf area damaged
- 3: 25-50% leaf area damaged
- 4: 50-100% leaf area damaged
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# Soil_Transplant_Experiment_2020_microbial_community.csv #
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This datasets contains the soil fungal community indices that were calculated for each pot based on the fungal OTUs and their feeding guild assigned using the funguild database.
Variables:
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pot Pot Number 1-5 (5 pots per environment x soil combination)
plot Unique TWINWIN plot number. Plot in which the pot was placed.
environment Treatment of the plot in which the pot was placed:
- D0: Barley alone
- D1AC: Barley + Trifolium hybridum
- D1AA: Barley + Medicago sativa
- D1IR: Barley + Lolium multiflorum
- D1FA: Barley + Festuca arundinacea
- D4: Barley + T. hybridum, M.sativa, L. multiflorum, F. arundinacea
- D8: Barley + all 8 TWINWIN species
soil Treatment of the plots from which the soil in the pot originated:
- D0: Barley alone
- D1AC: Barley + Trifolium hybridum
- D1AA: Barley + Medicago sativa
- D1IR: Barley + Lolium multiflorum
- D1FA: Barley + Festuca arundinacea
- D4: Barley + T. hybridum, M.sativa, L. multiflorum, F. arundinacea
- D8: Barley + all 8 TWINWIN species
environment_richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plot in which the pot was placed: 0, 1, 4, 8
soil_origin_richness Species richness of the undersown community in the plots from which the soil in the pot originated: 0, 1, 4, 8
shannon_diversity Shannon diversity of all fungal OTUs
relative_abundance_pathogen_reads contribution of pathogens to total fungal abundance
proportion_pathogenic_OTUs contribution of pathogens to total fungal diversity
relative_abundance_AMF_reads contribution of AMF to total fungal abundance
proportion_AMF_OTUs contribution of AMF to total fungal diversity
presence_AMF whether AMF fungi were absent or present (0/1)
Sharing/Access information
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Code/Software
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