Aim: We examined the influence of regional, spatial and local variables (edaphic characteristics and vegetation structure) on patterns of arthropod variation along the Chilean coast by partitioning beta diversity into its turnover and nestedness components. Location: 2000 km along the coast of Chile Methods: We collected ground-dwelling arthropod samples from 9 marshes during two seasons. A clustering method was used to examine patterns of arthropod similarity across salt marshes. We also calculated multiple site beta diversity and partitioned it into its turnover and nestedness components. Variation partitioning was then used to identify the major drivers of their variation (regional, spatial and local variables). We compared results for the whole arthropod community and for the most abundant, speciose and functionally different groups, Crustacea, Coleoptera and Araneae. Results: Salt marsh arthropod similarities did not depend on the geographic proximity of sites. Arthropod beta diversity was mainly determined by its turnover component. A significant fraction of community variation was structured according to regional (i.e. climate differences) or local (i.e. soil salinity) differences among marshes depending on the studied group. However, the exclusive contribution of spatial variables had also a role. Main conclusions: Each salt marsh on the Chilean coast has the capacity to accommodate unique invertebrate taxa. Niche sorting along the climatic gradient together with dispersal-based processes seem the key structuring force of the arthropods and Crustacean variation in the marshes we studied, while niche sorting alone might be more important for Coleoptera variation.