We present a new approach of analyzing and interpreting vertical profiles of cloud microstructure obtained by satellite remote sensing. The method is based on a spectral bin microphysics adiabatic parcel model and aims to elucidate the effects of aerosols on the evolution of convective clouds and related microphysical processes, including the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), the growth of cloud droplets, and the formation of precipitation. Characteristic features in the vertical profiles of effective radius (r_e) and temperature (T) reveal different microphysical zones in convective clouds related to the change increase of r_e with decreasing T. The classification of the different microphysical zones includes the (1) condensational growth of droplets, (2) growth by coalescence, (3) rainout, (4) secondary droplet activation zone (SAZ), (5) mixed-phase of ice particles and water droplets and (6) glaciation of the cloud. The detection of the SAZ is introduced here for the first time. This method allows us to identify the activation of aerosol particles above cloud base and their role in the invigoration of deep convective clouds.