Skip to main content
Dryad

Data from: Experimental adaptation to singular pathogen challenge reduces susceptibility to novel pathogens in Drosophila melanogaster

Singh, Aparajita1; Basu, Aabeer1; Shit, Biswajit1; Hegde, Tejaswini1; Bansal, Nitin1; Prasad, N. G.1

Published Jan 08, 2025 on Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hdr7sqvtv

Data files

Jan 08, 2025 version files 562.79 KB

Abstract

In the wild, hosts often encounter and must respond to novel pathogens, that is pathogens that they have not encountered in recent evolutionary history, and therefore are not adapted to. How hosts respond to these novel pathogens and the outcome of such infections can be shaped by the host’s evolutionary history, especially by how well adapted the host is to its native pathogens, that is pathogens they have evolved with. Host adaptation to one pathogen can either increase its susceptibility to a novel pathogen, due to specialization of immune defenses and trade-offs between different arms of the immune system or can decrease susceptibility to novel pathogens by virtue of cross-resistance. Using laboratory Drosophila melanogaster populations, we explore if hosts experimentally adapted to survive infection challenges by a particular bacterial pathogen are also better at surviving infection challenges by novel bacterial pathogens. We found that such hosts can survive infection challenges by multiple novel pathogens, with the expanse of cross-resistance determined by the identity of the native pathogen and sex of the host. Therefore, we demonstrate that cross-resistance can evolve in host populations by virtue of adaptation to a single pathogen. This observation has important ecological consequences, especially in the modern era where spillover of novel pathogens is a common occurrence due to various factors, including climate change.