Ignoring within-flower self-fertilization and inbreeding depression biases estimates of selection on floral traits
Data files
Jul 16, 2024 version files 16 KB
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Data_phenotypic_selection.csv
9.78 KB
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Data_selfing.csv
3.08 KB
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README.md
3.14 KB
Abstract
Within-flower self-pollination should be the major source of self-fertilization in mixed-mating species that present single or few flowers simultaneously. It is also an often unmeasured source of selfing in species with many flowers open simultaneously. In self-compatible species in which pistil and stamen numbers vary, the rate of within-flower selfing should depend on the number of pistils and stamens, the timing of flowering, and the morphology of subsidiary floral traits. The intensity and direction of selection on these traits should thus also depend on the level of inbreeding depression. Here, we measured the dependence of the within-flower selfing rate on floral sex allocation, phenology, petal length, and floral stalk height in a population of the perennial herb Pulsatilla alpina (Ranunculaceae) in which most individuals had single flowers. We estimated inbreeding depression in the population by comparing inbreeding coefficients between parents and seed progeny using microsatellite markers. We then estimated selection on the measured traits via female reproductive success at the flower level and compared our estimates with a hypothetical scenario in which inbreeding depression was assumed to be absent. Inbreeding depression was estimated to be severe (0.95). The within-flower selfing rate varied widely among flowers and depended positively on stamen number and negatively on pistil number and flowering date, supporting the predictions of a mass-action model. The dependence of the selfing rate on the measured floral traits consistently predicted (non-linear) patterns of selection under high inbreeding depression that were distinct from those under a hypothetical scenario of no inbreeding depression.
Synthesis: While previous research has emphasized the importance of mass-action mating on selfing among flowers of plants with large floral displays, our results demonstrate its importance for selfing within individual flowers. They also demonstrate the importance of accounting for both the selfing rate and inbreeding depression when inferring selection on floral and other traits via female fitness.
This README file was generated on 2024-07-07 by Kai-Hsiu Chen
General information:
Title: Ignoring within-flower self-fertilization and inbreeding depression biases estimates of selection on floral traits
Journal of Ecology, 2024
Authors: Kai-Hsiu Chen and John R. Pannell
Affiliations: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
Correspondance: Kai-Hsiu Chen (kai-hsiu.chen@unil.ch)
Date of data collection: 2022.5-8
Location: Solalex, Vaud, Switzerland
Data and R Codes for analyses in the paper
Within-flower selfing rate
R file: Within-flower_selfing.R
Data used: Data_selfing.csv
Output: Figure 2, 3
Phenotypic selection
R file: Phenotypic_selection.R
Data used: Data_phenotypic_selection.csv
Output: Figure 4
List and Details of Datasets
Data_selfing.csv
1.Number of variables: 11
2.Number of cases/rows: 60 individuals with single a bisexual flower
3.Variable List:
a)Ind_ID: individual identity
b)Flower_ID: flower identity of the individual
c)Stamen_number_func: Number of stamens after removal
d)Stamen_removal: to which of the three treatments subjected (Intact: intact; SR50: 50% removal; SR100: 100%)
e)Petal_length: tepal length (cm)
f)Stalk_height: height of stalk (cm)
g)Flowering_date : date of the begining of the female function (Julian date)
h)Pistil_number: number of pistils of the flower
i)Total_typed_seed: number of genotyped seeds
j)Total_selfed_seed: number of selfed seeds
k)Selfing_rate: within-flower selfing rate
Data_phenotypic_selection.csv: each flower has two rows each for the two scenarios of inbreeding depression (d= 0 or 0.95)
1.Number of variables: 15
2.Number of cases/rows: 120 (60 individuals with single a bisexual flower)
3.Variable List:
a)Ind_ID: individual identity
b)Flower_ID: flower identity of the individual
c)Stamen_number_func: Number of stamens after removal
d)Stamen_removal: to which of the three treatments subjected (Intact: intact; SR50: 50% removal; SR100: 100%)
e)Petal_length: tepal length (cm)
f)Stalk_height: height of stalk (cm)
g)Flowering_date: date of the begining of the female function (Julian date) *NA due to missing data
h)Pistil_number: number of pistils of the flower
i)Total_typed_seed: number of genotyped seeds
j)Total_selfed_seed: number of selfed seeds
k)Mature_seed_number: Female reproductive success using seed number as a proxy (selfed progeny contributes equally to both female and male RS)
l)Relative_RS: Female reproductive success using relative fitness as a proxy; k) relative to the mean of the population (selfed progeny contributes equally to both female and male RS)
m)Inbreeding_derpession: inbreeding depression scenarios (0 or 0.95)
n)Mature_seed_number_S: Female reproductive success using seed number as a proxy (selfed progeny contributes to only female functions)
o)Relative_RS_S: Female reproductive success using relative fitness as a proxy; n) relative to the mean of the population (selfed progeny contributes to only female functions)
The data set was collected from filed work at Solalex, in the pre-Alps of Vaud canton, Switzerland in 2022.