The recording data for glutamate input to dopamine, somatodendritic dopamine activity, and dopamine release at the ventral striatum. The datasets are divided into 5 different task conditions: ‘Classical_conditioning’, ‘Sequential conditioning’, ‘Airpuff_response’, ‘Airpuff_with_Buprenorphine’, and ‘Optogenetic_stimulation’.

Description of the data and file structure

File names

Data of each recording session is stored in each “.mat” file (_******.mat).

Task type is indicated at the beginning of the file name (‘task type’******.mat).

The mouse ID number is indicated in the middle of the file name (_’mouse ID’**.mat).

The session number is indicated at the end of the file name (__**_session’session number’.mat). Task structures were exactly the same in each session, and each session was performed on different days.

The block name is indicated at the end of the file name after the session number in some files (see below).

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Classical_conditioning

Files start from “CC_Glu_”

Activity of glutamate inputs to dopamine neurons in VTA was recorded using a glutamate sensor, SF-iGluSnFR(A184S), during classical conditioning tasks. Animals were trained for more than nine days before neural recording.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the motion-corrected  and z-scored glutamate signal (see Methods for the details). Each row corresponds to each trial (-1 sec to 8 sec from water onset for free reward trial, and -1 sec to 8 sec from odor onset for other trial types) in the order in the session, and each column corresponds to signals in 1 ms.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial types in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

Mouse ID: 18, 436, 455, 516, 524, 537, 541, 577, 578, 580, 581, 587

1: free reward trial (reward at 1001)

9: 80% reward-predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

10: 80% reward-predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

11: 40% reward-predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

12: 40% reward-predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

14: 0% reward (nothing)-predicting cue (cue at 1001)

 

Mouse ID: 346, 362, 364

1: free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

5: 80% airpuff predicting cue followed by airpuff (cue at 1001 and airpuff at 4001)

9: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

10: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

11: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

12: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

14: 0% reward (nothing) predicting cue (cue at 1001)

16: 80% airpuff predicting cue followed by airpuff omission (cue at 1001)

 

Files start from “CC_DA_”

Dopamine sensor signal data recorded from VS neurons during classical conditioning are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial (-1 sec to 8 sec from water onset for free reward trial, and -1 sec to 8 sec from odor onset for other trial types) in a single session.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: free reward trial (reward at 1001)

9: 80% reward predicting cue reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

10: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

11: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

12: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

14: 0% reward (nothing) predicting cue (cue at 1001)

 

Files start from “CC_GCaMP_”

Calcium sensor signal data recorded from VTA dopamine neurons during classical conditioning are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial (-1 sec to 8 sec from water onset for free reward trial, and -1 sec to 8 sec from odor onset for other trial types) in a single session.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

9: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

10: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

11: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

12: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

14: 0% reward (nothing) predicting cue (cue at 1001)

 

Sequential_conditioning

Files start from “SeqC_GluDA_”

Simultaneously recorded glutamate sensor signals from VS neurons and dopamine sensor signals from VTA dopamine neurons during sequential conditioning are stored in these files.

 

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the motion-corrected and z-scored glutamate sensor signal, and “dFoverFGCaMP” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -6 sec to 8 sec from water onset for free reward trial (trial type 1), -4sec to 10 sec from proximal cue onset for unexpected proximal cue trial (trial types 9 and 14), and -1 sec to 13 sec from distal odor onset for other trial types (trial types 18, 19, 20, and 21).

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 6001)

9: Unexpected 100% reward predicting proximal cue at 4001 and reward at 6001

14: Unexpected 0% reward (nothing) predicting proximal cue at 4001

18: Distal cue 100% predicting 100% reward predicting proximal cue at 1001/ 100% reward predicting proximal cue at 4001/ reward at 6001

19: Distal cue 50% predicting 100% reward or 0% reward predicting proximal cue at 1001/ 100% reward predicting proximal cue at 4001/ reward at 6001

20: Distal cue 50% predicting 100% reward or 0% reward predicting proximal cue at 1001/ 0% reward predicting proximal cue at 4001

21: Distal cue 100% predicting 0% reward (nothing) predicting proximal cue at 1001/ 0% reward predicting proximal cue at 4001

 

Airpuff_response

Files start from “Ap_GluDA_”

Mouse ID: 361, 363, 457, 524, and 537

Simultaneously recorded glutamate sensor signals from VTA dopamine neurons and dopamine sensor signals from VS neurons during free airpuff and free reward trials are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored and motion-corrected glutamate signal, and “dFoverFGCaMP” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

Mouse ID: 457 and 537

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Mouse ID: 361, 363, and 524

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

5: 80% airpuff predicting cue followed by airpuff (cue at 1001 and airpuff at 4001)

9: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

10: 80% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

11: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward (cue at 1001 and reward at 4001)

12: 40% reward predicting cue followed by reward omission (cue at 1001)

14: 0% reward (nothing) predicting cue (cue at 1001)

16: 80% airpuff predicting cue followed by airpuff omission (cue at 1001)

 

Files start from “Ap_Glu_”

Mouse ID: 455, 578, and 587

Glutamate sensor signals from VTA dopamine neurons at free airpuff and free reward trials are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored and motion-corrected glutamate signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Files start from “Ap_DA_”

Mouse ID: 362 and 456

Dopamine sensor signals from VS neurons during free airpuff and free reward trials are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Files start from “Ap_GCaMP_”

Mouse ID: 582, 583, 585, 586, 588, 597, 599, 600, and 602

Calcium sensor signal data during free airpuff and free reward trials are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Airpuff_with_Buprenorphine

(Correspond to Figure 8)

Files start from “ApOpi_GluDA_”

Simultaneously recorded glutamate sensor signals from VTA dopamine neurons and dopamine sensor signals from VS neurons for free airpuff and free reward responses before and after buprenorphine treatment are stored in these files.

The treatment (“_pre”: before buprenorphine injection, and “_post”: after buprenorphine treatment) is indicated at the end of the file name.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored and motion-corrected glutamate signal, and “dFoverFGCaMP” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Files start from “ApSal_GluDA_”

Simultaneously recorded glutamate sensor signal and dopamine sensor signal data for free airpuff and free reward responses before and after control saline treatment are stored in these files.

The treatment (“_pre”: before saline injection, and “_post”: after saline injection) is indicated at the end of the file name.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored and motion-corrected glutamate signal, and “dFoverFGCaMP” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

4: Free airpuff trial (airpuff at 1001)

 

Optogenetic_stimulation

(Correspond to Figure 1)

Files start from “OptoChr_Glu_”

Mouse ID: 590, 606, 613, and 614

Glutamate sensor signal data during free light stimulation (single 20, 50, or 250 ms pulse) and free reward trials in the mice expressing ChrimsonR in glutamate input to the VTA are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored glutamate signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

23: Light stimulation (20 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

25: Light stimulation (50 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

26: Light stimulation (250 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

 

Files start from “OptoCtrl_Glu_”

Mouse ID: 591, 607, and 611

Glutamate sensor signal data during free light stimulation (single 20, 50, or 250 ms pulse) and free reward trials in the mice expressing tdTomato in glutamate input to the VTA are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored glutamate signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

23: Light stimulation (20 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

25: Light stimulation (50 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

26: Light stimulation (250 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

 

Files start from “OptoChr_DA_”

Mouse ID: 589, 692, 693, and 608

Dopamine sensor signal data during free light stimulation (single 20, 50, or 250 ms pulse) and free reward trials in the mice expressing ChrimsonR in glutamate input to the VTA are stored in these files

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

23: Light stimulation (20 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

25: Light stimulation (50 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

26: Light stimulation (250 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

 

Files start from “OptoCtrl_DA_”

Mouse ID: 591, 607, and 611

Dopamine sensor signals from VTA neurons during free light stimulation (single 20, 50, or 250 ms pulse) and free reward trials in the mice expressing tdTomato in glutamate input to the VTA are stored in these files.

“dFoverFGCaMP2” is the z-scored dopamine sensor signal for each trial in a single session. -1 sec to 8 sec from water or airpuff onset.

“lickmatrix” is the lick event stamp (1: lick, 0: no lick) for the same time window as photometry data.

“TrialType” is the list of trial type order in the session.

Trial types for the task are as follows.

All mice

1: Free reward trial (reward at 1001)

23: Light stimulation (20 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

25: Light stimulation (50 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)

26: Light stimulation (250 ms pulse stimulation at 1001)