We provide a dataset containing data on both female and male plants measured in a natural population of Leucadendron rubrum about plant architecture, and leaf morphology, thus informing about sexual dimorphism in this species. Genotypes of these males and females on eight microsatellites combined with corresponding genotype data in their progeny permits to undertake parentage analyses. Finally, the spatial distribution of both parents and juveniles allows to account for potential spatial biases in sampling juveniles in parentage analyses.

This dataset was collected by measuring plant traits in a natural population of Leucadendron rubrum in South-Africa (33°32'21.25''S 19°10'12.10''E) about their canopy morphology. Several leaves of each plant were collected, photographied and measured using ImageJ. Finally, the spatial location of each adults and their progeny were mapped and their leaves were sampled for subsequent DNA extraction and microsatellite amplification.