Weak founder effects but significant spatial genetic imprint of recent contraction and expansion of European beech populations.
Data files
Oct 16, 2020 version files 344.40 KB
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Lander_etal_Heredity_2020_DATA.xlsx
Abstract
Methods
This data set combines the genotypes, geographical locations and basic measurement of 2532 adult beech trees in 71 plots covering five different regions of Mont Ventoux, SouthEast France. We combined 3 different data sets consisting in:
- Three “intensively” studied plots (West-N2, West-384 and West-257-2), within the NW_REF region, with exhaustive sampling of adult trees (579 trees in total). This data set is previously described and analyzed in Oddou-Muratorio, Gauzere, Bontemps, Rey, & Klein (2018) and in Lander, Oddou-Muratorio, Prouillet-Leplat, & Klein, (2011).
- A set of 48 plots where a total of 1353 adult trees were sampled non-exhaustively (see detail protocol below), previously described and analysed in Lander, Oddou-Muratorio, Prouillet-Leplat, & Klein, (2011).
- A set of 20 plots where a total of 600 adult trees were sampled non-exhaustively specifically for this study, following the protocol of Lander, Oddou-Muratorio, Prouillet-Leplat, & Klein (2011).
For data sets B and C, the same sampling protocol was applied. We selected 28 adult beech trees on average (up to a maximum of 40 individuals) in an area of ~50 m radius so that all trees were separated by at least 3 meters. Circumference at breast height and coordinates were recorded for each tree. Moreover, half of the trees were chosen because they had the largest circumference in the stand (“Old” trees) and half had the smallest circumference (but > 160 mm; “Young” trees).
In the three intensive study plots of data set A, all adult trees were exhaustively sampled, and their circumference at breast height and coordinates were recorded. This intensive sampling effort allowed us to estimate the probability of vegetative reproduction. Indeed, beech is known to have the ability to reproduce vegetatively through resprouting around cut or fallen trees. Note that in data set A, if a tree obviously had multiple stems, only the largest stem was sampled. After careful elimination of clonal individual (see paragraph 2 below), on each of the three plots, we selected 20 small (“Young”) and 20 large (“Old”) trees based on their circumference (40 trees in total per plot), ensuring a minimum distance between them >3 m.
For data sets A and B leaf samples were collected in 2008 and 2009 and stored at INRA Avignon laboratory at –20°C. For data set C, leaf samples were collected in 2015 and stored at the INRA Avignon laboratory at ambient temperature (using desiccant for conservation).
The maximal age of a tree within each plot was estimated based on two approaches. In 44 plots among the 71 studied, two trees per plot were selected to be cored at 1.30 m (targeting the largest and the smallest one). Cores were read to estimate tree age from ring profile. The oldest age was considered as a rough estimate of the maximal age of a tree in 2015 in a given plot. In the other plots, this maximal age of a tree was estimated based on detailed dendroecological studies (F Jean & P Dreyfus, pers comm) which combined tree ring profile, size distribution of trees, and historical record of management operation within each plot.