Failure to mate enhances investment in behaviors that may promote mating reward and impairs the ability to cope with stressors via a subpopulation of Neuropeptide F receptor neurons
Data files
Dec 13, 2023 version files 3.58 GB
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Aggression_Fig_2A.xlsx
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Aggression_mixed_pairs_Fig_2C_D.xlsx
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Copulation_R_V.xlsx
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Courtship_suppression_raw_data.xlsx
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Dh44_Chrimson_per_Fly.xlsx
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Fig1_and2_and_S2_per_fly.xlsx
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Metabolomics.xlsx
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NPFR_csChrimson_per_fly.xlsx
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NPFR_FRT_Chrimson_all_classifier_scores_per_frame.csv
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NPFR_TK_activation_all_classifier_scores_per_frame.csv
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per_fly_npf_npfr.xlsx
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per_fly_per_movie_per_frame_anglesub_mated_Fig_2F.csv
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per_fly_per_movie_per_frame_anglesub_rejcted_Fig_2F.csv
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per_fly_tk_npfr.xlsx
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per_frame_anglesub_naive_Fig2F.csv
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README.md
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Repeat_1_Gene_Expression_Results_-_Bar_Chart.xlsx
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Repeat_1_Quantification_Cq_Results.xlsx
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Repeat_2_Gene_Expression_Results_-_Bar_Chart.xlsx
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Repeat_2_Quantification_Cq_Results.xlsx
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Repeat_3_Gene_Expression_Results_-_Bar_Chart.xlsx
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Repeat_3_Quantification_Cq_Results.xlsx
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Repeat_4_Gene_Expression_Results_-_Bar_Chart.xlsx
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Repeat_4_Quantification_Cq_Results.xlsx
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Sleep_activity_raw_data.xlsx
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Starvation_resistance_raw_Data.xlsx
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TAG_Glucose_Weight_raw_data.xlsx
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TK_LexA__Flp_all_classifier_scores_per_frame.csv
Abstract
Living in dynamic environments such as the social domain, where interaction with others determines the reproductive success of individuals, requires the ability to recognize opportunities to obtain natural rewards and cope with challenges that are associated with achieving them. As such, actions that promote survival and reproduction are reinforced by the brain reward system, whereas coping with the challenges associated with obtaining these rewards is mediated by stress-response pathways, the activation of which can impair health and shorten lifespan. While much research has been devoted to understanding mechanisms underlying the way by which natural rewards are processed by the reward system, less attention has been given to the consequences of failure to obtain a desirable reward. As a model system to study the impact of failure to obtain a natural reward, we used the well-established courtship suppression paradigm in Drosophila melanogaster as means to induce repeated failures to obtain sexual reward in male flies. We discovered that beyond the known reduction in courtship actions caused by interaction with non-receptive females, repeated failures to mate induce a stress response characterized by persistent motivation to obtain the sexual reward, reduced male-male social interaction, and enhanced aggression. This frustrative-like state caused by the conflict between high motivation to obtain sexual reward and the inability to fulfill their mating drive impairs the capacity of rejected males to tolerate stressors such as starvation and oxidative stress. We further show that sensitivity to starvation and enhanced social arousal is mediated by the disinhibition of a small population of neurons that express receptors for the fly homologue of neuropeptide Y. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the existence of social stress in flies and offers a framework to study mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between reward, stress, and reproduction in a simple nervous system that is highly amenable to genetic manipulation.
README: Failure to mate enhances investment in behaviors that may promote mating reward and impairs the ability to cope with stressors via a subpopulation of Neuropeptide F receptor neurons.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbctg
Give a brief summary of dataset contents, contextualized in experimental procedures and results.
Description of the data and file structure
This dataset contains all the raw data for this particular manuscript. It includes per-fly and per-frame data for the experiments done using the Flybowl system, QPCR data, metabolomic data, aggression, sleep, mating and courtship suppression data. The file name describes the relevant figure and genotype.
Empty cells contain n/a.
Below is the list of the files:
- Courtship suppression data-set relevant for Figure S3. The table contains manual scoring of various courtship related actions (number of events and duration). This includes latency to first courtship action (sec), overall time spend courting (sec), latency to first attempt of copulation (sec), number of coupulation attempts, total length of wing vibration actions (sec), grooming events, nubmer of licking events. Each action is depicted in a separate sheet.
- Metabolomic raw data relevant for Figure S5. The table contains raw readings of LC-MS.
- Starvation resistance raw data relevant for figures 4, 5 and S6-8. This table contains the counts of live flies along starvation resistance assays.
- Copulation duration raw data relevant for Figure 3D. The table depicts the overall length of copulation events in seconds.
- Aggression raw data relevant for Figure 3A. depics counts of lunges actions.
- Aggression (mixed pairs) raw data relevant for Figure 3B-C. depicts counts of lunges events.
- Raw data for glucose, weight, and TAG relevant for Figure S5A-D. contains fluoremetric measures of glucose and TAG as well as total weight of the flies.
- Sleep raw data relevant for Figure S4 B-D. This table contains raw data for movement activity of single flies, and calculations of events in which they displayed sleep.
- QPCR raw data for four repeats: Figure 3E. This figure is based on 4 biological repeats of qPCR analysis (Biorad). Each table contains the raw CT values of the measured transcripts.
Fly Bowl experiments raw data contain per fly data of the following features:
Definition Description Walk Fly moves. Stop Fly is still. Turn Changes in fly’s direction. Touch Fly actively touches another fly. Social cluster Fly sits in a group of 3 or more flies. Long distance Approach Fly approaches from a distance another fly and perform interaction. Short distance approach Fly performs an interaction during when in social cluster. Grooming Fly grooms. Chase Fly chases another fly. Chain Chase with 3 or more flies. Song Fly moves one wing next to another fly. Behavior bout length Length of the longest sequence of frames in which the behavior occurred per fly. Behavior inter bout length Duration between bouts of same behavior. dnose2ell Minimum distance from any point of this animal nose to the ellipse of other flies. absanglefrom1to2nose2ell Absolute difference between direction to closest animal and current animal’s orientation (rad). absdtheta Angular speed (rad/s). absphidiff anglesub Absolute difference in velocity direction between current animal and closest animal(rad). absphidiff nose2ell Absolute difference in velocity direction between current animal and closest animal (rad). absthetadiff anglesub Absolute difference in orientation between current animal and closest animal (rad). absthetadiff nose2ell Absolute difference in orientation between this animal and closest animal (rad). anglefrom1to2 anglesub Angle to closest animal’s centroid in current animal’s coordinate system (rad). anglefrom1to2 nose2ell Angle to closest animal’s centroid in current animal’s coordinate system (rad). angleonclosestfly Angle of the current animal’s centroid in the closest animal’s coordinate system (rad). anglesub Maximum total angle of animal’s field of view (fov) occluded by another animal (rad). danglesub Change in maximum total angle of animal’s view occluded by another animal (rad/s). dcenter Minimum distance from this animal’s center to other animal’s center (mm). ddcenter Change in minimum distance between this animal’s center and other flies’ centers (mm/s). dist2wall Distance to the arena wall from the animal’s center (mm). dphi Change in the velocity direction (rad/s). dtheta Angular velocity (rad/s). nflies_close Number of flies within 2 body lengths (4a). velmag Speed of the center of rotation (mm/s). Density SD by length of interactions (LOI) Accumulated interactions’ length relative to the maximum interactions’ length possible. Modularity by length of interactions (LOI) Representation of how much the network is divided into modules according to interactions’ length. Strength by length of interactions (LOI) Length of interactions of a certain fly. SD Strength according to length of interactions (LOI) Standard divination of the strengths according to interactions’ length of flies from the same movie. Betweenness Centrality by length of interactions (LOI) A measure of centrality of a certain fly based on shortest paths according to interactions’ length. SD Betweenness Centrality by length of interactions (LOI) Standard divination of the betweenness centralities according to interactions’ length of flies from the same movie. Density by number of interactions (NOI) Interactions’ number relative to the maximum interactions’ number possible. Modularity Strength by number of interactions (NOI) Representation of how much the network is divided into modules according to interactions’ number. Strength by number of interactions (NOI) Number of interactions of a certain fly. SD Strength by number of interactions (NOI) Standard divination of the strengths according to interactions’ number of flies from the same movie. Betweenness Centrality by number of interactions (NOI) A measure of centrality of a certain fly based on shortest paths according to interactions’ number. SD Betweenness centrality (by number of interactions (NOI) Variance of the betweenness centralities according to interactions’ number of flies from the same movie.
The same feature are depicted in the following panels:
Rejected, Naïve, Mated Figures 1, 2 and S2
Activation of all NPFR neurons Figure S6B
Activation of Dh44 neurons Figure S7A
Activation of NPFR-NPF neurons Figure S6C
Activation of NPFR-TK neurons Figure S8C
Per fly, Per frame data:
Rejected, naïve and mated relevant for Figure 2F.
activation of NPFR_TK neurons relevant for Figure 5E-I
Methods
This dataset includes all the experiments done in this particular manuscript and include: FlyBowl raw data, QPCR, aggression, Mating duration, sensitivity to stress curves, activity monitor and metabolomics