The file “Raw data.csv” contains all data used for the analyses of the article “The effects of four decades of climate change on the breeding ecology of an avian sentinel species across a 1500-km latitudinal gradient are stronger at high latitudes” (DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7459). This data was used to investigate the effect of climate warming on the breeding time and breeding success of European pied flycatchers breeding in Sweden during 1982-2017. The data set contains 29035 nest records and each row has information per nest on ringing date of nestlings, developmental stage of nestlings and estimates of hatching date, nestling age, and breeding success (measured as number of ringed chicks). It also contains geographical coordinates per nest and distance to the coast variables as well as environmental data for different biweekly periods before and up to ringing time (average and minimum temperature, precipitation and a measurement of vegetation greenness). The precise definition of all the variables can be found in the ReadMe file. The specific information on data collection, processing and statistical analyses is available in the corresponding article.

The data presented in the file “Raw data.csv” is the data used for the analyses of the article “The effects of four decades of climate change on the breeding ecology of an avian sentinel species across a 1500-km latitudinal gradient are stronger at high latitudes”.

Details on the variable names found on “Raw data.csv”

Note: Every row gives information on a pied flycatcher nest. More details in “Methods” section and Fig. 3 (for the understanding of the periods analysed) of the corresponding article.

Ring.date: Ringing date of pied flycatcher nestlings
Longitude: Longitude in decimal degrees
Latitude: Latitude in decimal degrees
LocID: Or “location ID” is a categorical variable that gives information on the geographical location of the pied flycatcher nest boxes and it is created by the unique combinations of longitude and latitude coordinates of each nest boxes
Ring.chicks: Number of ringed chicks per nest
Develp.stage: Developmental stage of the chicks per nest
Hatch.date: Estimated hatching date of chicks
Chick.age: Estimated chick age in days
Dist.m.coast: Distance from the nest to the nearest coast in meters
Dist.band.3: Distance to the coast transformed into a categorical variable with three levels (level 1 = closest to the coast; level 2 = intermediate; level 3 = most inland level) 
Dist.band.2: Distance to the coast transformed into a categorical variable with two levels (only used at southern latitudinal band where there were very few nests at distance level 3 of above variable)
Latband: Categorical variable with three levels (southern, intermediate and northern)

Measurements of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI; scale: 1 – 10000):
Hatch.ndvi: NDVI at the hatching period that corresponds to the biweekly period covering mean hatching date, at the first or second half of the month
Ring.ndvi: NDVI at ringing period corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days after mean hatching date
Pr.15.ndvi: NDVI corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days before mean hatching date      
Pr.30.ndvi: NDVI corresponding to the biweekly period 30 days before mean hatching date
Pr.45.ndvi: NDVI corresponding to the biweekly period 45 days before mean hatching date

Temperature measurements in Kelvin:
Hatch.t2: Average temperature at 2-meter height above the surface at the hatching period that corresponds to the biweekly period covering mean hatching date, at the first or second half of the month
Ring.t2: Average temperature at 2-meter height above the surface at ringing period corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days after mean hatching date
Pr.15.t2: Average temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days before mean hatching date
Pr.30.t2 Average temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 30 days before mean hatching date
Pr.45.t2 : Average temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 45 days before mean hatching date
Hatch.mint: Average minimum temperature at 2-meter height above the surface at the hatching period that corresponds to the biweekly period covering mean hatching date, at the first or second half of the month
Ring.mint: Average minimum temperature at 2-meter height above the surface at ringing period corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days after mean hatching date
Pr.15.mint: Average minimum temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days before mean hatching date
Pr.30.mint: Average minimum temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 30 days before mean hatching date        
Pr.45.mint: Average minimum temperature at 2-meter height above the surface corresponding to the biweekly period 45 days before mean hatching date

Precipitation measurements in kg/m2:

Hatch.rain: Accumulated total precipitation at the hatching period that corresponds to the biweekly period covering mean hatching date, at the first or second half of the month
Ring.rain: Accumulated total precipitation at ringing period corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days after mean hatching date
Pr.15.rain: Accumulated total precipitation corresponding to the biweekly period 15 days before mean hatching date
Pr.30.rain: Accumulated total precipitation corresponding to the biweekly period 30 days before mean hatching date
Pr.45.rain: Accumulated total precipitation corresponding to the biweekly period 45 days before mean hatching date