Seeking and reaching emergency care: A cross sectional household survey across two Liberian counties
Data files
Oct 10, 2023 version files 219.12 KB
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HH_Survey_Liberia.xlsx
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README.md
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Abstract
The overwhelming burden of morbidity and mortality from injury and medical conditions requiring acute care are borne by low- and middle-income countries lacking accessible, quality care systems. Current evidence suggests the lack of prehospital care systems likely contributes to this disproportionate burden. As an initial step in a longitudinal, collaborative effort to strengthen the chain of survival for emergency conditions in Liberia, baseline attitudes and behaviors in accessing and utilizing emergency care were characterized. A multistage, proportional, cluster sampling frame was employed to conduct a cross-sectional, community-based survey of 800 households across rural Lofa County and the greater capital (Monrovia) metropolitan area. The primary outcome was facility-based utilization of emergency care within the 12 months prior to survey administration.
Title of Dataset: Seeking and reaching emergency care: A cross sectional household survey across two Liberian counties.
Author Information: Madeline E Ross1*, Antoinette H Wright2, Mark Luke3, Abraham Tamba3, Heounohu Romello Hessou4, Stephen Kanneh5, Kumeinu Da-Tokpah5, Corey B Bills1
1 University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, CO
2 University of Liberia, School of Public Health, Monrovia, Liberia
3 Emergency Medical Response-EMS/Respiratory Division, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia
4 Stellenbosch University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
5 Restore Hope Liberia, Pago Island, Oldest Congo Town, Monrovia, Liberia
Date of data collection: November 2022.
Geographic location of data collection: Greater Monrovia area and Lofa County, Liberia.
Funding: Global Emergency Care Initiative at University of Colorado.
Sharing/Access Information
Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain.
Links to publications that cite or use the data: https://journals.plos.org/climate/article?id=10.1371/journal.pclm.0000286.
Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None.
Relationships to ancillary data sets: None.
Was data derived from another source? No.
Recommended citation for this dataset: Ross ME, Wright AH, Luke M, Tamba A, Hessou HR, Kanneh S, Da-Tokpah K, Bills CB. Data from: Seeking and reaching emergency care: A cross sectional household survey across two Liberian counties. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w0vt4b8x8.
Data/File Overview
File: HH Survey Liberia
No additional related data collected not included in current data package.
No multiple versions of the dataset.
Data Specific Information: HH Survey Liberia
Number of Variables: 64
Number of Cases: 800
Data-Specific Information
Data codes: NA (data not available)
Specialized formats: none
| Variable | Variable Explanation | Variable Type (units if applicable) | Code | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| id_numeric | Identification number | Continuous | numeric | ||||
| Lofa County | Geographic cluster/county | Categorical | 0=Monrovia | 1=Lofa | |||
| phone | Phone ownership | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| smartph | Smartphone ownership | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| sex | Biological sex | Categorical | 0=female | 1=male | |||
| hoh | Is respondant head of household | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| hoh_relation | Relationship to head of household | Categorical | variable text | ||||
| edu | Highest level of education | Categorical | 0=none | 1=primary | 2=secondary | 3=college/university | 4=graduate |
| lit | Literacy | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| water_drink | Type of access to drinking water | Categorical | variable text | ||||
| water_treat | Treatment of drinking water | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| soap_hygiene | Access to soap for hygiene | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| water_agri | Access to water for agriculture/farming | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| electricity | Household with reliable electrical source | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| cook_where | Location of household cooking | Categorical | 0=outside | 1=inside | |||
| cook_how_bi | Mechanism of household cooking | Categorical | 0=charcoal/wood | 1=propane/gas | |||
| insurance | Personal health insurance | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| cha | Community health assistant in household’s community | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| hv_routine_num | Number of household routine healthcare visits in the last 12 months | Continuous (visits) | numeric | ||||
| hv_emer_num | Number of household emergency healthcare visits in the last 12 months | Continuous (visits) | numeric | ||||
| mech_emer_day | Mechanism of travel to healthcare for emergency occurring during the day | Categorical | variable text | ||||
| costtravel_emerg_day | Cost of travel to healthcare for emergency occurring during the day | Continuous (USD) | numeric | ||||
| mech_emer_night | Mechanism of travel to healthcare for emergency occurring at night | Categorical | variable text | ||||
| costtravel_emerg_night | Cost of travel to healthcare for emergency occurring at night | Continuous (USD) | numeric | ||||
| ambu_use | Household member has used an ambulance for transport to health facility in emergency | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| ambu_called | Household member has called an ambulance for transport to health facility in emergency but was not transported | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| ambu_notransport | Reason why household member was not transported by ambulance to health facility in an emergency after calling | Categorical | 0=ambulance did not arrive | 1=ambulance denied transport | 3=ambulance broke down | 4=unable to pay | 5=individual declined transport |
| ambu_num | Household member knows phone number to activate ambulance | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | 2=don’t know | ||
| ambu_callcost | Cost associated with phone call to activate ambulance | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| training_y | Has respondent had prior training in response to medical emergencies (first aid, CPR, injury management, BLS) | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| eucare_12mo | Personal use of emergency unit in a health facility in prior 12 months | Categorical | 0 | 1 | 3 | \>4 | |
| prioreucare | Did you seek care from someone or somewhere prior to seeking care at an EU? | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| prioreucare_where | If you sought care elsehwere prior to EU Care what was that place. | Categorical | 1=CHA/CHP | 2=Clinic/Primary Care Center | 3=Family or friends | 4=Pharmacy/Drug Store | 5=Other health provider |
| delayedcare | Personal use of emergency care from another person or place prior to seeking care at an emergency unit in a health emergency | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| dealyedcare_otherhc | Location of emergency care prior to seeking care at an emergency unit in a health emergency | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare | If you did not seek care or delayed care what were the reasons | Categorical | variable text | ||||
| reasonnocare_elsewhere | If you did not or delayed care, did you seek care elsewhere | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_hfwithoutresource | If you did not or delayed care, was it because you lacked resources | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_transport | If you did not or delayed care, was it because of a lack of transport | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_famdis | If you did not or delayed care, was it because of family disapproval in use of health facilities | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_selfmed | If you did not or delayed care, was it because you self medicated | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_distance | If you did not or delayed care, was it because of a distance to health facility | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| reasonnocare_highcost | If you did not or delayed care, was it because high cost | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| lang_eng | Is the primary language of the survey respondent english? | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| langspoke_eng | Spoken language of english in household | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| occ_farmer | Individual with occupation of farming | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| anydeath | \>1 death occurring in household in last 12 months | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| unemployed | Individual unemployed | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| income_100USD | Household income <100 USD | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| nrefusaltocare_bi | If a person in your community finds an injured person are there reasons why they would not help them? | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| outcome_anyEUcare | Did you seek any EU-based care in the last 12 months | Categorical | 0=no | 1=yes | |||
| death_all | Total number of deaths in household in last 12 months? | Continuous (persons) | numeric | ||||
| climate_heat | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel the intensity of heat during the dry season? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_cold | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel the intensity of cold during the rainy season has changed? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_rain | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel the intensity of rainfall during the rainy season has changed | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_diseaseseverity | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel certain diseases (such as malaria) are changing in severity (eg. more people are getting sick)? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_diseasefreq_dry | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel the frequency of diseases during the dry season are changing? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_diseasefreq_wet | Compared to five to ten years ago, do you feel the frequency of diseases during the rainy season are changing? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_water | If you access water from a well or other communal source, does it run dry in the non-rainy season | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_food | Has your food supply been impacted by shortages or higher prices in the last five years from warmer temperatures, drought, flooding, wildfires, or other extreme weather events? (%) | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_healthemergencies | Have you or your household members experienced an increase in health emergencies due to extreme heat, drought, flooding, wildfires, or other extreme weather events? (%) | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_healthcareaccess | Have extreme weather events in the past 5 years, such as flooding, rain, or other storms made it more challenging to access medical care? | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_residence | Has your place of residence or workplace been impacted by flooding, drought, extreme heat, or other climate-extreme weather eventrelated | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense | ||
| climate_homework | Have you or members of your household had to move due to changes in weather or climate (including a lack of precipitation for farming, crop failure, household flooding,fire) | Categorical | 0=less intense | 1=no change | 2=more intense |
A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in collaboration with the Emergency Medical Response-EMS/Respiratory Division of the Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia, the University of Colorado, and Restore Hope, Liberia. Collected data was de-identified and cleaned prior to initial analysis in Excel. Further data analysis was performed via Stata (Version 14.2, College Station, TX).