Freshwater life-cycle timing of Pacific salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus spp.) in Canada
Data files
Jan 15, 2025 version files 1.44 MB
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1Life_cycle_timing_by_reference.xlsx
1.11 MB
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2Life_cycle_timing_by_site.xlsx
234.76 KB
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3Life_cycle_timing_by_CU.xlsx
92.36 KB
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README.md
2.23 KB
Abstract
Understanding species’ phenology and distribution is essential for mitigating anthropogenic disturbances and understanding climate change vulnerability. Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) have complex life cycles that span freshwater and marine environments and unfold over many thousands of kilometers. Currently, there is no central repository of life-cycle timing for unique salmon and steelhead populations throughout their Canadian range. We have compiled a dataset of timing for key freshwater life-cycle events - fry migration from incubation to rearing grounds, juvenile migration from rearing grounds to the ocean, adult entry into rivers, and spawning - for salmon and steelhead trout from British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada. We summarize patterns across species and populations to improve understanding of when species are in different freshwater habitats but found significant data gaps in remote regions that may challenge environmental planning. The data and insight we provide allow for more detailed examination of how salmon and steelhead populations will be exposed to future climate changes and can be used to inform adaptive management of fisheries and mitigation during human development.
README: Freshwater life-cycle timing of Pacific salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus spp.) in Canada
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmwx
Summary
We have estimated the timing of four key life cycle events for Conservation Units (CUs) of five Pacific salmon species and steelhead trout (1) .
File Descriptions:
1Life cycle timing by reference.xlsx - This file documents the individual references from which data was extracted, as well as the raw data. Some reports document multiple years, while others are annual reports. Data were extracted from each referenced report. To be included, the observation period must span the majority of the migratory period, there must be enough salmon to establish a migration timing window estimate.
2Life cycle timing by location - This file documents data summarized by each location where observations occured. Data is summarized from the Life_cycle_timing_by_reference document. Here each location is listed with corresponding data on site and life cycle event. When multiple years were reported the data are reported as the mean, weighted by the number of years. So if there were 2 years of data, summarized information is the simple mean, whereas if one report documented 3 years, and another report documented 1 year, the first report would be have higher weight (eg. (report 1 data)*0.75+(report 2 data)*0.25). In a few cases observations were collected at different locations from the same population/river but far apart. In this case the data were summarized seperately and a descriptor was added (e.g. adams upper, adams lower).
3Life cycle timing by CU - This file documents data summarized by each conservation unit (CU) where observations occured. Data is summarized from the Life_cycle_timing_by_location document AND from summary of NUSEDS spawn timing. When multiple sites were reported within a CU the data are reported as the mean, weighted by the number of sites and years. So if there were 2 years/sites of data, summarized information is the simple mean, whereas if one site had 3 years, and another site had 1 year of data, the first site would be have higher weight (eg. (site 1 data)*0.75+(site 2 data)*0.25).