A non-neoplastic epithelium (NE) often appears in gastric cancer (GC). We explored the histological features of NE in comparison between HP-eradicated and HP-infected GCs. We enrolled 40 HP-eradicated and 40 HP-infected GCs matched by size, macroscopic and histological type. NE was classified into full gland type and surface type; the former was a non-neoplastic gland isolated within cancer, and the latter was NE on the surface of the cancer. Surface type was additionally divided into NE at the cancer margin (marginal surface type) and NE inside cancer (internal surface type). The primary endpoints were the frequency and the length ratio (the ratio to cancer length) of NE in each GC. The secondary endpoints were the relationships between NE and clinicopathological factors, including endoscopic findings of a gastritis-like appearance (GLA), multiple white elevated lesions (MWELs), reddish depressed lesion (RDL), and white nodular mucosa (WNM). The frequency and length ratio of the internal surface type in HP-eradicated GCs were significantly higher (82.5% vs 50%, P = 0.005) and larger (11.6 ± 10.6 vs 4.2 ± 9.9, P < 0.001) than those in HP-infected GCs. The frequency and length ratio of marginal surface type and full gland type were not significantly different between the two GC groups, but the coexistence of internal surface and full gland types was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The frequencies of GLA, RDLs, and WNM in HP-eradicated GCs were significantly higher than those in HP-infected GCs. Moreover, GLA-positive GCs were covered more widely by internal surface type than GLA-negative GCs (13.3% vs. 6.6%, P = 0.003). Various types of NE were noted in gastric cancer, and the internal surface type of NE was shown to be significantly linked to HP-eradicated cancer and GLA.