This dataset has originally been used in the research article "Context matters: the landscape matrix determines the population genetic structure of temperate forest herbs across Europe" by Naaf et al., published in Landscape Ecology. The data refer to 42, 34 and 36 populations of the forest herbs Anemone nemorosa, Oxalis acetosella and Polygonatum multiflorum, respectively, sampled in seven 5 x 5 km² landscape windows across Europe (North France, Belgium, West Germany, East Germany, South Sweden, Central Sweden,  Estonia). The dataset comprises (a) pairwise genetic differentiation among populations within landscape windows (b) landscape metrics calculated for buffer zones around each population (c) landscape metrics calculated for landscape strips connecting populations. The allele data used to calculate pairwise genetic differentiation as well as the locations of all populations (population center and area) are included in a related dataset on DRYAD (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k). (a) "Naaf_et_al_2018_Pairwise_genetic_differentiation_SPECIESNAME.csv" The tables have the following columns: - PopPair: The ID of the population pair, for which genetic differentiation has been determined - From: The ID of the first population (corresponds to population IDs in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k) - To: The ID of the second population (corresponds to population IDs in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k) - G''ST: A measure of genetic differentiation (see original article and Meirmans & Hedrick (2011, Mol Ecol Resour 11(1):5-18) - DPS: A measure of genetic differentiation (1 minus the proportion of shared alleles; see original article) (b) "Naaf_et_al_2018_Landscape_metrics_node_SPECIESNAME.csv" The tables have the following columns (see also Table 1 in the orginal article): - PopID: The ID of the population (corresponds to population IDs in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k) - FOREST_*: Percent cover of deciduous forest - GRASS_*: Percent cover of grassland in general - SEMNATGRASS_*: Percent cover of semi-natural grassland - SEMNATVEG_*: Percent cover of other semi-natural vegetation - ARABLE_*: Percent cover of arable land in general - RAPE_*: Percent cover of arable land cultivated with oilseed rape - MAIZE_*: Percent cover of arable land cultivated with maize - CEREAL_*: Percent cover of arable land cultivated with other cereals - ORCHARD_*: Percent cover of traditional grassland orchards - SETTLE_*: Percent cover of settlement area - PROPGREEN_*: Proportion of green urban areas within settlement areas - LWOOD_*: Relative length (m/ha) of hedgerows and tree lines - O:P_LWOOD_*: Orthogonal-to-parallel length ratio of hedgerows and tree lines - LWATER_*: Relative length (m/ha) of water courses (incl. draining ditches) - O:P_LWATER_*: Orthogonal-to-parallel length ratio of water courses - LFRINGE_*: Relative length (m/ha) of broad herbaceous fringes - O:P_LFRINGE_*: Orthogonal-to-parallel length ratio of broad herbaceous fringes - LROAD_*: Relative length (m/ha) of roads - O:P_LROAD_*: Orthogonal-to-parallel length ratio of roads - SHANNON_*: Diversity of land-use types - EDGEDEN_*: Land-use parcel edge density (m/ha) The asterisk '*' stands for a buffer distance of 125, 250, 500, 1000 or 2000 m. (c) "Naaf_et_al_2018_Landscape_metrics_link_SPECIESNAME.csv" The tables have the following columns: - PopPair: The ID of the population pair connected by the landscape strip - From: The ID of the first population (corresponds to population IDs in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k) - To: The ID of the second population (corresponds to population IDs in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp00k) - GeoDist: The geographic distance (m) between the populations Furthermore, the tables include the same landscape metrics as the tables in (b), but here the asterisk stands for a width-to-length ratio of the landscape strips of 1:7, 1:5, 1:3, 1:2 or 2:3. For more information on how landscape metrics were calculated see the original article and the corresponding supplementary information S1 and S4. Contact for inquiries: Tobias Naaf Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany naaf@zalf.de