Key to reading the data file: Data from all experiments (Experiment 1, 2 and 3) reported in the manuscript titled ÒEvolution of increased early-life fecundity but faster reproductive senescence in Drosophila melanogaster females through adaptation to chronic live-yeast deprivationÓ can be found in the spreadsheet file. Data of different traits have been separated in different tabs. Development time, pre-adult survivorship (egg-to-adult), dry body weight at eclosion, early- life fecundity, and egg size data are from Experiment 1. Progeny count data is from Experiment 2. Female survivorship, female longevity, age-specific fecundity, linear fit & b-coefficient, and cumulative fecundity data are from Experiment 3. Data are arranged vertically, with factors/treatments separated in columns. Columns are clearly labelled. For example, ÒSelection regimeÓ refers to the selection treatment with two levels Ð YLB (i.e., yeast-less BLs) and BL (i.e., ancestral baseline populations). Units in which the traits were measured are mentioned in the column heading wherever applicable. Count and proportion data are unitless.