Houde, P. Dickson, M., and Camarena, D. Basal Anseriformes from the early Paleogene of North America and Europe. Dataset 6, Anachronornis nov. gen. added to 12-taxon dataset of Clarke, J. A., Tambussi, C. P., Noriega, J. I., Erickson, G. M., Ketcham, R. A., 2005. Definitive fossil evidence for the extant avian radiation in the Cretaceous. Nature 433, 305-308. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03150 in which Vegavis was aded to the dataset of Dyke, G. J., 2001. The Fossil Waterfowl (Aves: Anseriformes) from the Eocene of England. American Museum Novitates 3354, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2001)354<0001:TFWAAF>2.0.CO;2 in which Nettapterornis ("Anatalavis") was added to the dataset of Livezey, B. C., 1997. A phylogenetic analysis of basal Anseriformes, the fossil Presbyornis, and the interordinal relationships of waterfowl. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 121, 361-428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1997.tb01285.x Livezey, B. C., 1998. Erratum - A phylogenetic analysis of basal Anseriformes, the fossil Presbyornis, and the interordinal relationships of waterfowl. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 124, 397-398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb00584.x This file includes putative apomorphies listed for alternate reconstructions of Anachronornis nov. gen. relative to Anseriformes, Anhimidae, and Anseres 1) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with pan-Anseriformes 2) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with crown-Anseriformes 3) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with Anhimidae 4) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with Anseres pan-Anseriformes and Vegavis was reduced to a polytomy because Vegavis was scored for only 10 characters which could render spurious results for support for its position on numerous branches Putative apomorphies listed in order of consistency index, then by character number ==> Indicates unambiguous character state optimization All transformations 1 step 1) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with pan-Anseriformes Tree length = 188 Consistency index (CI) = 0.5585 Homoplasy index (HI) = 0.4415 CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.5174 HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.4826 Retention index (RI) = 0.6066 Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.3388 /------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tinamiformes | | /--------------- Charadriiformes | | | /----------------------------------------------------------------------------14--------------- Ciconiiformes ---------------22 | | | | \--------------- Phoenicopteriformes | | | | /----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Galliformes \-------------21 | | | /--------------- Anhima | | /--------------15 | | | \--------------- Chauna | | /-------------17 \--------------20 | | /--------------- Anseranas | | \--------------16 | | \--------------- Anatidae | | | /--------------18---------------------------------------------- Presbyornis | | | | | +---------------------------------------------- Nettapterornis \-------------19 | | \---------------------------------------------- Vegavis | \-------------------------------------------------------------- Anachronornis node_20 --> node_19 Character CI transformation 47 1.000 2 --> 1 52 1.000 0 ==> 1 86 1.000 0 --> 1 87 1.000 0 --> 1 53 1.000 0 ==> 1 95 1.000 0 ==> 1 8 0.750 1 --> 2 5 0.667 0 --> 1 59 0.667 0 --> 2 9 0.500 0 ==> 1 17 0.500 0 ==> 1 18 0.500 0 ==> 1 27 0.500 0 ==> 1 34 0.500 0 --> 1 45 0.500 0 ==> 1 55 0.500 0 ==> 1 56 0.500 0 ==> 1 85 0.333 0 ==> 1 67 0.250 1 --> 0 94 0.250 0 ==> 1 2) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with crown-Anseriformes Tree length = 193 Consistency index (CI) = 0.5440 Homoplasy index (HI) = 0.4560 CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.5028 HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.4972 Retention index (RI) = 0.5829 Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.3171 /------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tinamiformes | | /--------------- Charadriiformes | | ---------------22 /----------------------------------------------------------------------------14--------------- Ciconiiformes | | | | | \--------------- Phoenicopteriformes | | | | /----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Galliformes \-------------21 | | | /--------------- Anhima | | /--------------15 | | | \--------------- Chauna | | /-------------17 \--------------20 | | /--------------- Anseranas | | \--------------16 | /--------------18 \--------------- Anatidae | | | | | \---------------------------------------------- Anachronornis | | \-------------19-------------------------------------------------------------- Presbyornis | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Nettapterornis | \-------------------------------------------------------------- Vegavis node_19 --> node_18 Character CI transformation 49 0.667 1 --> 2 15 0.500 0 --> 1 63 0.500 0 --> 1 84 0.500 0 --> 1 70 0.333 0 ==> 1 90 0.333 0 --> 1 2 0.250 1 --> 0 5 0.250 1 --> 0 68 0.200 0 --> 1 3) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with Anhimidae Tree length = 187 Consistency index (CI) = 0.5615 Homoplasy index (HI) = 0.4385 CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.5205 HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.4795 Retention index (RI) = 0.6114 Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.3433 /------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tinamiformes | | /--------------- Charadriiformes | | ---------------22 /----------------------------------------------------------------------------14--------------- Ciconiiformes | | | | | \--------------- Phoenicopteriformes | | | | /----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Galliformes \-------------21 | | | /--------------- Anhima | | /--------------15 | | | \--------------- Chauna | | /-------------16 \--------------20 | \------------------------------- Anachronornis | /--------------18 | | | /--------------- Anseranas | | \-----------------------------17 | | \--------------- Anatidae \-------------19 +-------------------------------------------------------------- Presbyornis | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Nettapterornis | \-------------------------------------------------------------- Vegavis node_18 --> node_16 Character CI transformation 8 1.000 3 ==> 2 15 1.000 0 ==> 1 45 1.000 2 ==> 1 49 1.000 1 ==> 2 63 1.000 0 ==> 1 84 1.000 0 ==> 1 59 0.667 2 --> 0 4 0.500 0 --> 1 16 0.500 1 --> 0 22 0.500 1 --> 0 23 0.500 1 --> 0 30 0.500 1 --> 0 33 0.500 1 --> 0 34 0.500 1 --> 0 37 0.500 1 --> 0 40 0.500 1 --> 0 38 0.400 2 --> 0 2 0.333 1 ==> 0 5 0.333 1 ==> 0 31 0.333 1 --> 0 4) putative apomorphies uniting Anachronornis nov. gen. with Anseres Tree length = 195 Consistency index (CI) = 0.5385 Homoplasy index (HI) = 0.4615 CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.4972 HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.5028 Retention index (RI) = 0.5735 Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.3088 /------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tinamiformes | | /--------------- Charadriiformes | | ---------------22 /----------------------------------------------------------------------------14--------------- Ciconiiformes | | | | | \--------------- Phoenicopteriformes | | | | /----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Galliformes \-------------21 | | | /--------------- Anhima | | /-----------------------------15 | | | \--------------- Chauna \--------------20 | | /--------------18 /--------------- Anseranas | | | /--------------16 | | | | \--------------- Anatidae | | \-------------17 | | \------------------------------- Anachronornis \-------------19 +-------------------------------------------------------------- Presbyornis | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Nettapterornis | \-------------------------------------------------------------- Vegavis node_18 --> node_17 Character CI transformation 14 0.667 0 --> 1 69 0.250 0 --> 1