A: Concatened data of the four plastid DNA markers. The order is ccsa-ndhD (387 bp long), the matk (624 bp long), the psbD-trnT (314 bp long) and rpl32-trnL (164 bp long). Fasta format B: Concatened matrix of matK, susy 1 and susy 2 markers sequences used for the divergence time analysis. Nexus format. C: Microsatellites genotypes for Ceratonia siliqua, 1068 genotypes for 17 SSR markers. Columns 1 to 4 = tree ID, popultion ID, country ID, and main genetic cluster ID. Columns 5 to 38 diploid genetic data, two columns per locus and one to two digit per allelic state. Excel file. D: Results of STructure analysis from K1 to K10 clusters, Ten replicates were performed allowing admixture at individual level, with correlated allele frequencies and without prior information on geographical origin, each run having a burn-in period of 200,000 simulations and a chain length of 2,000,000 simulations. Excel file. E: 619 occurrence points of C. siliqua in the Mediterranean bassin. Longitude and latitude in degrees decimal format. Excel file.